激光熔凝处理高铬钢的高温磨损性能  

High-Temperature Wear Property of High Chrome Steel by Laser Surface Melting

作　　者：李美艳[1] 王勇[1] 韩彬[1] 程义远[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院材料科学与工程系,山东东营257061

出　　处：《中国激光》2010年第1期302-306,共5页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(Y2006F64)资助课题

摘　　要：采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)仪等分析手段对560,650和800℃下高铬钢激光熔凝前后磨损面的形貌、化学成分及氧化膜形态和物相进行了分析,研究了不同温度下的磨损机制及耐磨机理。结果表明,激光熔凝处理使高铬钢中脆性碳化物完全溶解,熔凝层生成致密的奥氏体枝晶及细小的M23C6型晶间碳化物。560℃时高铬钢发生磨粒磨损,磨损面出现大量细小的犁沟和碳化物颗粒,激光熔凝处理后失重量降低,表面以磨粒磨损为主,并伴随轻微的粘着现象。650℃时高铬钢因发生严重粘着导致增重,激光熔凝试样表面发生均匀氧化,形成具有固体润滑作用的氧化物保护层,抗粘着能力增强;800℃时高铬钢激光熔凝前后均增重,且熔凝试样的增重量较低,二者的磨损机制均为粘着磨损。Wear morphology,chemical composition of the worn surfaces as well as the phase constitution and morphology of oxide scales at 560,650 and 800 ℃ were analyzed by SEM,EDS and XRD,and wear mechanisms at different temperatures were explored.The results show that during laser surface melting the brittle carbides are completely dissolved,and homogenous austenitic dendrite and fine M23C6 interdendritic carbides are formed in laser melted zone.At 560 ℃ wear mechanism of the as-received steel is abrasive wear,while grooves and carbide particles appear on the worn surface.The wear mechanism of laser melted steel is mainly abrasive wear along with slight sticking,the weight loss of which is significantly lower than that of untreated steel at 560 ℃.At 650 ℃ the weight of high chrome steel gains due to severe sticking,while the reduction of sticking in laser melted steel is attributed to the solid lubricity of the oxide protective layer formed on the worn surface due to even oxidation by way of tribochemical reactions.The weight of the as-received and laser melted samples increases at 800 ℃ resulted from sticking,while the weight gain of laser melted steel is less.

关 键 词：激光技术 激光熔凝处理 高温磨损 高铬钢 氧化物保护层 

分 类 号：TN249[电子电信—物理电子学] TG156.99[金属学及工艺—热处理]