江苏省某县医院急性农药中毒住院病例特征分析  

Analysis of the Characteristics of Acute Pesticide Poisoning Cases from a County Hospital in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：张平[1] 李锋[2] 谷庆[2] 赵江霞[1] 常秀丽[1] 吴庆[1] 周志俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,教育部公共卫生安全重点实验室,WHO职业卫生合作中心(上海),上海200032 [2]江苏省射阳县人民医院,江苏射阳224300

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2010年第1期7-10,共4页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(编号:2006ABI06B01);上海市公共卫生重点学科建设项目(08GWZX0303);上海市学科带头人培养计划(编号:08GWD20)

摘　　要：[目的]了解急性农药中毒的发生规律及诊疗现状,为防治农药中毒工作提供针对性的科学依据。[方法]收集某县人民医院2002～2007年收治的急性农药中毒病例,根据住院病人病历中关键字段内容建立数据库,摘录有关内容并进行分析。[结果]某县人民医院6年间共收治急性农药中毒住院病人551例,病死率为5.8%。有机磷类农药是引起中毒和致死的主要原因,口服有机磷农药自杀的病死率高达15.6%。发现非生产性农药中毒者中毒后1小时内送入医院治疗的比例,只有43.5%;生产性农药中毒只有9.4%。转院来的病人以口服农药自杀者为主,其住院时间长于直接入院的病人;非生产性农药中毒病人的住院时间长于生产性农药中毒的病人。症状缓解后即出院的病人占42.7%。[结论]非生产性农药中毒是临床上治疗的重点;有机磷农药仍然是引起中毒的主要种类。病人及家属对急性农药中毒后的救治紧迫性和病程变化缺乏正确的认识。[ Objective ] To study the characteristics of pesticide poisoning cases and furthermore to provide scientific evidence for preventive and therapeutic strategy. [ Methods ] Collecting acute pesticide poisoning cases in a county-level hospital during 2002 through 2007, the key information was extracted and put into data base and statistic analysis was done. [ Results ] There were 551 hospitalized cases of acute pesticide poisoning in the six years, among them 32 cases died, and the fatality rate was 5.8%. The poisoning cases and deaths were mainly caused by organophosphorus pesticides. The fatality rate of suicide caused by organophosphorus pesticides was up to 15.6%. Within one hour after knowing occurrence of poisoning, only 43.5% non-occupational poisoning case and 9.4% occupational poisoning cases were sent to hospital. Most cases transferred from low-level （ township ） hospital were the suicides with pesticide and had longer hospitalization time than the cases who were directly sent to the hospital. The cases caused by non-occupational pesticide poisoning had longer hospitalization time than those caused by occupational pesticide poisoning. Some 42.7% cases left hospital without full recovery when they felt improvement. [ Conclusion ] The medical treatment should be careful among the non-occupational pesticide poisoning cases. Organophosphorus pesticides were also the most dangerous pesticide. The patients and their families seemed to be lack of correct knowledge of the urgency of treatment and course of pesticide poisoning.

关 键 词：急性 中毒 农药 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]