蝴蝶兰类原球茎液体培养中用秋水仙素诱导多倍体  

Tetraploid of Phalaenopsis induction via colchicine treatment from protocorm-like bodies in liquid culture

作　　者：崔广荣[1,2] 张子学[2] 胡能兵[2] 张从宇[2] 侯喜林[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]安徽科技学院植物科学学院,安徽凤阳233100

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2010年第1期49-55,共7页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(070411010);安徽省教育厅省级自然科学基金资助项目(KJ2007B053)

摘　　要：采用0.05%、0.10%和0.20%3种浓度的秋水仙素分别对液体培养过程中的蝴蝶兰类原球茎进行1、3和7 d的诱变处理,考察各处理蝴蝶兰类原球茎的生长状态、组织学特征及其分化成苗的状况,并对多倍体进行鉴定。结果表明:不同浓度秋水仙素对蝴蝶兰类原球茎的生长状况均产生一定影响,类原球茎相对膨大,表面粗糙,呈暗绿色,浓度越大、处理时间越长,影响越明显;不同浓度秋水仙素诱变时间长短与类原球茎细胞内部结构发生变化的程度关系密切;秋水仙素处理后的类原球茎分化苗周期增长,成苗率降低;不同处理的多倍体诱导频率不同,最高诱变率可达30.0%;多倍体在形态、细胞组织学上与二倍体差异明显,细胞核变大,染色体数目加倍。The 0. 050/00, 0.10%, 0.20% colchicines were separately used to deal with protocorm-likebodies（PLBs） of Phalenopsis in liquid culture for 1,3, 7 days to induce tetraploid. The growth of PLBs, the characteristics of plantlets regenerated from the PLBs were investigated, and the polyploid were identified. The results show that, there were great effects of colchicine treatment on the PLBs growth, inner structure of tissue or cell and the trait of plantlets regenerated from these PLBs. The body of PLBs became large and the surface of PLBs was crude. The effects were stronger with higher concentration of colchicines and longer treatment time. The inner structural changes of tissue or cell of PLBs were related closely to the time and concentration of colchicines. The time of shoot formation was longer and the rate of shoot formation was lower when the concentration of colchicines got higher or the time of treatment got longer. The rate of polyploid induction in each treatment was different. The highest rate of tetraploid induction could reach to 30.0%. There were evident differences in morphological and histological characteristics between the diploid and polyploid. The nucleus got bigger and the number of chromosomes were doubled in the cell of polyploid.

关 键 词：蝴蝶兰 类原球茎 秋水仙素 化学诱变 组织学观察 多倍体 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q943.1[农业科学—园艺学]