我国东北东部林区花楸树的天然更新特征  

Natural regeneration characteristics of Sorbus pohuashanensis in forest region of eastern Northeast China

作　　者：许建伟[1] 沈海龙[1] 张秀亮[1] 张鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院林木遗传育种与生物技术教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第1期9-15,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD03A04)资助

摘　　要：花楸树是我国东北林区重要的非木质资源树种.本文选取东北东部林区有代表性的花楸树分布区,采用样线法对花楸树的天然更新特点及其影响因素进行了调查分析.结果表明:在东北东部林区,花楸树以种子繁殖、桩蘖繁殖和根蘖繁殖3种方式更新;在未经破坏的天然林和恶劣生境下的天然林中,3种方式建成的幼苗数量比例各占1/3,无显著差异;但在破坏后形成的次生林中,桩蘖苗比例(16.5%)明显降低.桩蘖和根蘖更新能够维持当地居群的稳定,其中根蘖繁殖可使幼苗扩散到母株周围50cm或更远处;1.0～2.9cm的Ⅱ径级向3.0～4.9cm的Ⅲ径级的转化率很低,在破坏后形成的次生林、恶劣生境下的天然林和未经破坏的天然林中,Ⅱ径级向Ⅲ径级的转化率分别为25.6%、45.3%和15.9%.这是限制花楸树天然更新的关键环节.Sorbus pohuashanensis is an important non-timber tree species in Northeast China.Aimed to study the natural regeneration characteristics of this tree species and related affecting factors,representative S.pohuashanensis forests in the forest region of eastern Northeast China were investigated by line sampling method.In this forest region,S.pohuashanensis was regenerated by seed propagation,stump sprouting,and root sprouting.In intact or poor habitat natural forests,the proportions of the S.pohuashanensis seedlings established by each of the three regeneration methods occupied roughly a third,with no significant difference （P〉0.05） among them;while in secondary forests,the frequency of stump sprouts （16.5%） was lower than that in natural forests.Even so,the combination of stump sprouting and root sprouting could likely maintain a stable local population.Root sprouting could make the seedlings spread more than 50 cm away from the stump.The transfer rate from diameter class II （1.0-2.9 cm） to diameter class Ⅲ （3.0-4.9 cm） was 25.6% in secondary forests,45.3% in poor habitat natural forests,and 15.9% in intact natural forests,suggesting that the lower transfer rate was the key limiting factor for S.pohuashanensis natural regeneration.

关 键 词：花楸树 天然更新 种子繁殖 克隆繁殖 径级转化 

分 类 号：S792.25[农业科学—林木遗传育种]