畜禽粪便堆肥过程中氮素的损失与控制  

Nitrogen loss and its control during livestock manure composting

作　　者：黄向东[1] 韩志英 石德智[1] 黄啸[1] 吴伟祥 刘玉学[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境保护研究所,杭州310029 [2]浙江省水体污染控制与环境安全技术重点实验室,杭州310029

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2010年第1期247-254,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008ZX07101-006-04);国家自然科学基金项目(40873059)资助

摘　　要：堆肥是实现畜禽粪便处理及资源化利用的有效途径,然而畜禽粪便堆肥过程中氮素损失较严重,对氮素损失与控制的研究可为有效控制氮素损失提供理论基础和实践参考.本文简述了畜禽粪便堆肥过程中氮素转化及主要损失途径,总结了影响堆肥氮素损失的主要因素(包括堆肥物料初始特性、堆肥环境参数和堆肥工艺条件),并综述了氮素损失控制措施(调节C、N代谢,改变氮素形态,添加NH3吸附剂和调节通风与控温措施)的研究进展,此外,对未来的研究方向进行了展望.Composting is an effective way to realize livestock manure treatment and recycling.However,the nitrogen loss during manure composting is relatively serious.Studies on this nitrogen loss and its control could provide theoretic basis and practical reference for efficient nitrogen loss control.This paper described the nitrogen transformation and the main nitrogen loss ways during the composting,and summarized the main factors （including raw material characteristics,environment factors,and technological conditions） affecting the nitrogen loss in the composting.In addition,the research progress in the nitrogen loss control,including adjusting carbon and nitrogen metabolism,changing nitrogen form,adding ammonia adsorbent,and controlling pile aeration and temperature,was reviewed,and the prospects for future research were presented.

关 键 词：畜禽粪便 堆肥 氮素损失 控制措施 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学] X713[农业科学—农业基础科学]