猴头部冲击性脑损伤的判别  

Identification of Brain Injury after Impact to Monkeys Head.

作　　者：吴桂荣[1] 张云然[1] 王玉清[1] 谢宝生[1] 向求鲁[1] 韩延方 

机构地区：[1]航天医学工程研究所

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》1998年第6期425-429,共5页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

摘　　要：为在航空弹射救生的头部冲击伤的研究中区别脑功能性与器质性损伤的界限，使用高速动态加载机，对２４只猴头部进行了不同冲击载荷的撞击实验。依据有关临床诊断标准判别，冲击后８只猴发生了单纯性脑震荡；６只猴发生了脑实质性损伤，而其中的３只猴又伴有脑震荡症状。结果表明，发生了脑震荡的猴都出现了暂短生理反射减弱或消失，呼吸和心率减慢，脑干神经细胞尼氏体有减少现象。脑震荡伴有脑损伤的猴脑脊液中还检出了ＣＫ－ＢＢ酶和红细胞。而单纯性脑震荡猴及无脑损伤的猴均未检出。可见，单纯性脑震荡只是脑的暂时性功能障碍，ＣＫ－ＢＢ酶和红细胞可以作为区别脑功能性损伤与器质性损伤的界限。本文初步提供了判断动物脑震荡和脑组织损伤的实验依据。In the study of head impact injuries, to find a clear demarcation line between brain functional disorder and brain contusion is very difficult. In order to observe changes of medical parametrers in monkeys after head impact,24 monkeys underwent head impact of various intensities (1.9～3.0kN) by means of a dynamic loader while 4 monkeys served as control. According to the clinical diagnostic standard, 8 monkeys were classified as simple concussion of the brain,6 monkeys as brain contussion with organic damage of the brain and 3 of the 6 monkeys were also accompanied with signs of concussion of the brain.The results indicated that monkeys with signs of brain concussion revealed temporary disappearance of physiological reflexes,slowing of respiration and heart rate and decrease of Nissl bodies in brain stem cells. R B C and CK-BB were found in cerebrospinal fluid in monkeys with organic damage of the brain, while in those with simple cerebral concussion as well as the controls, no RBC or CK-BB was found.It demonstrated that the appearance of CK-BB or R B C in the cerebral spinal fluid can be regarded as a demarcation line between functional dissorder and organic damage of the brain.This may be useful for assessing the degree of brain concussion in experimental animals.

关 键 词：气流吹袭 冲击损伤 脑震荡 猴 脑损伤 

分 类 号：R852.21[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]