长期秸秆还田对黄土旱塬区土壤肥力的影响  

Effect of Long-term Straw Returning on Soil Fertility in Dryland of Loess Plateau

作　　者：张春霞[1] 郝明德[2] 谢佰承[3] 

机构地区：[1]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持与生态环境研究中心,陕西杨凌712100 [3]湖南省气象科学研究所,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《甘肃农业科技》2010年第2期18-20,共3页Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目"黄土高原旱作农田生产力及水分生态过程调控:保护性耕作条件下旱作农田生产力与水肥协同效应"(KZCX2-YW-424-3);中科院农业项目"黄土高原沟壑区节本增效型农业发展模式和技术"(KZCX1-YW-N15-04)部分内容

摘　　要：采用长期定位试验方法,研究分析了秸秆还田对黄土高原旱塬地土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:经过24a的长期施肥,表层土壤碱解氮、有效磷含量呈下降趋势,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷均呈现出不同程度的富集趋势;秸秆与化肥配合施用时土壤有机质、全氮、全磷的富集效应较明显,长期施用秸秆能加快土壤有机质转化速率,降低有机质的氧化稳定性,提高土壤肥力。长期秸秆还田对剖面养分的影响表现为随着土层的加深,养分含量呈现出减少趋势,有机质和全氮的的变化趋势基本相同,全磷含量在耕层较高,在80 cm土层形成最低值。Soil samples from the long-time experiment in dry highland of Loess Plateau were used to analysis the effect of extensive straw returning, the results show that the available nitrogen and phosphate have a low trend, but the soil organic matter, total nitrogen and phosphate take on enrichment in some extent under twenty four years long time supply, moreover, the combined chemical fertilizer and straw returning soil enrichment is very obvious in soil horizons. At the same time, straw can increase the ratio of organic matter changing, significantly reduce soil readily oxidizable organic matter, finally the high fertilization is receive. The effect of soil nutrient using fertilize in profile show that the content of soil nutrient take on low trend, the change trend of the soil organic matter and total nitrogen is same. The content of total phosphate is high in arable layer, but low peak appear in 80 cm.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 土壤肥力 长期定位试验 黄土旱塬 

分 类 号：S157.4[农业科学—土壤学]