土壤重金属与酶活性沿城乡梯度的分布  

Distribution of soil heavy metals and enzyme activities along an urban-rural gradient

作　　者：娄翼来[1,2] 李琪[1] 孟凡祥[1] 姜思维[1] 梁文举[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第1期143-146,共4页Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30600087);中国科学院院长奖获得者科研启动专项资金资助项目(07YZX911YY)

摘　　要：以沈阳南部沿城乡梯度的3个代表性样区土壤为对象,研究了表层土壤的重金属与酶活性的变化及关系,为土地城市化利用下的重金属污染评价提供科学依据,亦为城市绿地和郊区农田的科学管理提供理论指导。研究结果表明,沿城乡梯度土壤重金属铜、锌、铅的全量及有效量总体呈递减趋势,内梅罗指数法评价结果显示,土壤重金属的单项及综合污染程度均表现城区高于郊区高于农村;土壤的蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性则均表现出相反的变化趋势,表明其对重金属胁迫的可能响应。相关分析表明,城市化条件下土壤的蔗糖酶、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性可以作为土壤铜、锌、铅污染的评价指标。In order to provide a scientific basis for assessing soil heavy metal pollution under urbanization, soil heavy metals and enzyme activities distribution and relationship between them in three selected sites along an urban-rural gradient were investigated in southern Shenyang, northeastern China in this study, It will be significant for preventing or controlling heavy metal pollution in soils of urban green lands and suburban farmlands. The results show that both total and available concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb decrease along the urban-rural gradient. According to Nemerow index, the individual and composite pollution degrees of Cu, Zn and Pb are higher in urban soils, followed by in suburban soils, and the lower in rural soils, while the reverse trends are observed in soil invertase, urease and catalase activities, which indicates their possible response to the heavy metals stress. The correlation analysis suggests the soil enzyme activities can be used as indicators of soil heavy metal pollution under the condition of such urbanization.

关 键 词：重金属污染 土壤酶活性 城乡梯度 城市化 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]