萨罗罗非鱼(Sarotherodon melanotheron)与其他5种罗非鱼遗传多样性比较研究  

COMPARISON ON GENETIC DIVERSITY BETWEEN SAROTHERODON MELANOTHERON AND OTHER FIVE TILAPIAS SPECIES

作　　者：李学军[1,2] 李爱景[1] 李思发[2] 蔡完其[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,新乡453007 [2]上海海洋大学农业部水产种质资源与养殖生态重点开放实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2010年第1期85-90,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：农业部"948"国际引进合作项目;993125号;河南省动物学重点学科资助;2005-2007

摘　　要：根据已知罗非鱼相关基因序列设计了5对微卫星引物,对萨罗罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼、以色列红罗非鱼、台湾红罗非鱼、奥利亚罗非鱼和齐氏罗非鱼6种罗非鱼进行遗传多样性分析,结果表明:(1)6种罗非鱼在5个微卫星座位上共发现22个等位基因和49种基因型,萨罗罗非鱼、台湾红罗非鱼及齐氏罗非鱼的等位基因数和基因型数较少,萨罗罗非鱼特有的等位基因是190和204,特有的基因型为190/190、204/204、270/223和270/243;(2)与另外5种罗非鱼相比,萨罗罗非鱼的有效等位基因数(Ne)、平均杂合度期望值(He)和多态信息含量值(PIC)都较低,分别为1.812、0.331和0.326;(3)6种罗非鱼明显分为2支,萨罗罗非鱼单独为一支,另外5种罗非鱼聚为一支;(4)萨罗罗非鱼保种的主要问题是要特别防止近亲繁殖。Five microsatellite primers were designed for six tilapia species based on the sequence of related gene of known tilapia for PCR amplification and genetic diversity, including blackchin, Nile tilapia, Israel red tilapia, Taiwan red tilapia, blue tilapia and Zilii tilapia. The results indicate that： （1） 22 alleles and 49 genotypes were found in five microsatellite locus of all tilapias. Blackchin tilapia, Taiwan red tilapia and Zilii tilapia have less alleles and genotypes. Specific alleles of blackchin tilapia are 190 and 204, and its specific genotypes are 190/190, 204/204, 270/223 and 270/243, respectively; （2） compared with other five tilapias, blackchin tilapia has lower effective number of alleles （Ne）, mean gene heterozygosity （He）, and polymorphism information content （PIC）, which is 1.812, 0.331 and 0.326, respectively; （3） In genetic distance, the six species can be divided into two groups： blackchin tilapia and other five tilapias; （4） inbreeding is considered the primary issue for the genetic resources conservation.

关 键 词：萨罗罗非鱼 微卫星标记 遗传多样性 种质资源保护 

分 类 号：Q959.468[生物学—动物学]