经济高速发展区土壤肥力质量演变的系统评价  

Evaluation of Soil Fertility Variation in a Rapidly Developing Region of China

作　　者：齐雁冰[1,2] 黄标[1] 赵永存[1] 孙维侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《土壤通报》2010年第1期76-80,共5页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40773075);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2002CB410810)资助

摘　　要：以地处经济高速发展区的张家港市为例,进行了土壤肥力质量演变的系统评价。结果表明,采取基于综合评价与功能评价相结合的土壤质量评价方法,不但可以了解土壤肥力综合质量演变状况,而且还可以把握研究区土壤质量演变过程中存在的主要问题。综合评价结果显示,自1980年以来,经过24年的耕作,张家港市土壤质量呈现上升的动态演变趋势,雏形土二、三等地面积提高,四等地所占比例降低,人为土二等地面积提高,三、四等地比例降低,并出现一等地。功能性评价结果表明,肥力保证功能和大量养分供应功能的提高是雏形土质量提高的原因,而肥力保证功能的提高是人为土质量提高的主要原因,微量营养的变化对研究区土壤质量的提高贡献较小。雏形土较人为土具有更高的质量提高的余地。雏形土钾素的亏缺、人为土明显酸化和全磷的降低,以及两种土壤有效Cu的超标和有效Zn和B的短缺,是研究区土壤存在的主要问题。This research systematically evaluated soil fertility variation in Zhangjiagang County,a rapidly developing region in China.The results indicated that,not only the total soil fertility variation could be understood comprehensively,but also the dominating problems could be detected when an integrated,functional approach was adopted.Integrated evaluation showed that soil fertility has improved continuously since 1980 in the research region.The area of soil with quality grade 2 and 3 increased and grade 4 soil areas decreased in Cambosols.Grade 2 soil areas increased,grade 3 and 4 soil areas decreased,and grade 1 soil areas appeared in Anthrosols.The functional evaluation indicated that fertility guarantee functions and macro nutrient supplement functions improved,and that fertility guarantee functions were dominant factors which contribute to soil fertility improvement in Cambosols and Anthrosols,respectively.The micro nutrients function has little contribution to soil fertility improvement in the research area.Cambosols,with lower soil quality to begin with,have more room for soil fertility improvement than Anthrosols.Potassium depletion in Cambosols,acidification and decreased phosphorus concentrations for Anthrosols,and excessive Cu accumulation and depletion of Zn and B,were main problems exist in Zhangjiagang County.

关 键 词：土壤肥力演变 综合评价 功能评价 经济高速发展区 

分 类 号：S159[农业科学—土壤学]