保护性耕作对土壤微生物特性和酶活性的影响  

The Effects of Conservation Tillage on the Characteristics of Soil Microorganisms and the Activities of Soil Enzymes

作　　者：张彬[1,2] 何红波[1] 白震[1,2] 刘宁[1,2] 丁雪丽[1,2] 解宏图[1] 张旭东[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]辽宁沈阳农田生态系统国家野外观测研究站,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《土壤通报》2010年第1期230-236,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：自然科学基金重点项目(40535028);国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD89B02);中科院沈阳应用生态研究所海外留学基金项目(07HWLX11S4)资助

摘　　要：保护性耕作是以秸秆覆盖地表、免少耕播种、深松及病虫草害综合控制为主要内容的现代耕作技术体系。大力提倡和推行保护性耕作,对提高土壤质量和改善生态环境具有重要意义。本文回顾了保护性耕作的发展历程,概括和分析了保护性耕作对土壤微生物活性和垂直分布、微生物群落结构以及土壤酶活性的影响,也探讨了保护性耕作的发展前景。As a modern tillage technology system,conservation tillage includes stubble coverage,no-till or reduced-till sowing,subsoiling and the integrated control of herb disease and pest.It is essential to improve soil quality and environment sustainability by advocating and actualizing conservation tillage.After the developing process of conservation tillage was briefly reviewed,the effects of conservation tillage on soil microbial activities,vertical distribution and community structure of microorganisms,as well as soil enzyme activities were summarized and analyzed.Finally,the developing prospects of conservation tillage in China were also discussed.

关 键 词：保护性耕作 微生物活性 群落结构 酶 土壤 

分 类 号：S157.42[农业科学—土壤学]