同名矢量地图要素形状配准的算法与应用  

Shape-based Approach to Registration of Homonymous Vector Map Features

作　　者：赵东保[1] 盛业华[1] 魏永强[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京210046 [2]黄河水利委员会信息中心,郑州450002

出　　处：《地球信息科学》2010年第1期56-61,共6页Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40671147;40671154);国家"863"计划(2007AA12Z236;2007AA12Z207)

摘　　要：地图配准是GIS领域的一个基础问题,本文结合矢量地图要素的形状特点,提出了一种可对存在仿射变换关系的两个同名矢量地图要素,进行自动精确配准的算法。首先,该算法综合利用地图要素的几何矩以及仿射变换的有关性质定理解算仿射变换参数,实现两个要素的粗配准;然后,以粗配准结果作为初值,通过一种改进的PLICP算法进行迭代配准,从而实现待配准地图要素的精配准。实验结果表明:本文算法可对存在仿射变换的同名要素进行自动精确配准,且具有一定的抗噪能力,以配准结果为基础,还可以准确地从同名要素上自动识别和匹配同名特征点。Map Registration plays a very important role in many fields of GIS. An automated shape-base approach to affine transformation registration of two homonymous vector map features is put forward in this paper. This approach includes two stages which are coarse registration and fine registration. In the first stage, geometry moments are computed only through boundary for polygon features and three pairs of corresponding points are recognized according to some theorems of affine transformation invariants for line features, which will cause that six initial parameters of affine transformation be solved, and thus two map features can overlap with each other roughly according to solved parameters. In the second stage, fine registration is realized by an improved iterative closest points method using a point-to-line metric based on coarse registration result. Experiments show that this algorithm presented in this paper can still achieve a more accurate registration result compared with artificial registration even when there are many slight deformations between shape boundaries of two homonymous vector map features, which mean that it is robust to noise to some degree. Because this algorithm take complicated shape characteristics of map features into account, it is more suitable for registration of vector map features than other methods. After fine registration is fulfilled, homonymous corresponding points can be recognized and matched from shape boundary of vector map features based on registration result, which will lay solid foundation for following entire map registration.

关 键 词：形状配准 地图配准 地图要素配准 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]