濒危植物大花杓兰胚与珠被发育的研究  

Embryo and Integument Development of the Endangered Species Cypripedium macranthos Sw.

作　　者：张毓[1,2,3] 张启翔[1,3] 赵世伟[2] 凌春英[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100083 [2]北京市植物园,北京100093 [3]国家花卉工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《园艺学报》2010年第1期72-76,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(6072014)

摘　　要：为了解濒危兰科植物大花杓兰(Cypripedium macranthos Sw.)的胚与珠被的发育过程,采集北京地区大花杓兰野生居群不同发育阶段的蒴果,在显微镜下观察石蜡切片。发现大花杓兰的种胚在授粉后第6周就发育至球形胚阶段,后期发育中不再有进一步的分化,直至种子成熟仍保留球形胚形态。与一些产自热带和亚热带地区的兰科植物不同,大花杓兰在受精后胚的整个发育进程中内珠被一直存在,并在种子成熟时发育成为一层致密的内种皮包围胚体,这应该是大花杓兰在严酷的自然环境中进行自我保护的适应性进化表现,在人工无菌萌发时却可能因为阻止了水分和营养物质进入胚体而导致发育成熟的种子萌发困难。In this paper,the embryo and integuments development of Cypripedium macranthos,an endangered species in orchidaceae were studied.The anatomical features during embryo development of this species were observed under a Nikon bright field microscope in paraffin-section method.Different from that of some tropical orchids,after fertilization,the inner integument of this species remains during the whole process of seed development and a layer of impermeable endothelium is formed.It encloses the embryo tightly and possibly prevents water and nutrition from entering the embryo,thus preventing mature seeds from germinating in vitro.

关 键 词：兰科 大花杓兰 胚 珠被 发育 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]