基于反馈环的多次波压制方法研究  

Multiple elimination research based on feedback method

作　　者：张军华[1] 周振晓 张雷 侯志强 郑旭刚[1] 王静[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球资源与信息学院,中国山东东营257061 [2]东方地球物理公司研发中心,中国河北涿州072750 [3]中海石油有限公司上海分公司,中国上海200030

出　　处：《地震学报》2010年第1期60-68,共9页Acta Seismologica Sinica

摘　　要：基于波动方程理论压制多次波,综合考虑了多次波传播的运动学特性和动力学特性,避免了非波动法解决问题所带来的局限性,已成为多次波去噪的发展趋势.首先对多次波压制国内外研究现状做了简单的阐述.在此基础上,给出了反馈环波动方程预测减去法的方法原理.介绍了抛物线拉东(Radon)变换外推近道数据、谱模拟法提取震源子波、均衡伪多道匹配和多次波减去法效果评价等四大关键技术的思路及主要计算公式.用JAVA语言自行开发了相应的模块,并应用射线法多次波模型和SEG/EAGEPluto模型,对以上方法技术进行了检验,去噪效果良好.对海上某多次波特发育实际资料进行了处理,取得了满意的效果.Elimination of the multiple based on wave equation considers not only the kinematic characteristics of wave propagation,but also dynamic characteristics,avoiding some shortages when usual filtering technique is used. This method has been a new trend in the research,because it does not need any prior information and gives a better result. In this paper,we firstly discuss all kinds of multiple elimination methods. Then we study the basic theory and procedure of prediction subtraction method based on wave equation. We have introduced the main calculation formulae of four important methods,including the extrapolation of near offset wavefield,the extraction of source wavelet with spectrum modeling,the expanded multichannel matching filtering and the effectiveness of the multiple subtraction. We developed some corresponding modules focused on multiple elimination with Java programming language and applied the software to the synthetic multiple model and SEG/EAGE Pluto model,and the multiple is well eliminated. Finally we processed some real offshore seismic data with strong multiple,and obtained satisfactory results.

关 键 词：多次波 近偏移距波场外推 震源子波 均衡伪多道算法 SRME 

分 类 号：P315.31[天文地球—地震学]