三峡水库初期运用对长江中下游水文河道情势影响分析  

Study of the influences of Three Gorges project's initial operation on river regime of the middle and lower Yangtze River

作　　者：熊明 许全喜 袁晶 童辉 

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会水文局,武汉430010

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2010年第1期120-125,共6页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2006BAB05B02)

摘　　要：三峡工程自2003年6月1日蓄水发电后,坝下游水文河道情势发生了较大变化。2003-2006年,长江中下游干流宜昌、汉口、大通水文站年均输沙量仅为0.702亿t、1.34亿t和1.63亿t,分别较多年均值偏小86%、67%和62%;各水文站悬沙粒径均有所变粗,尤以监利站最为明显,由蓄水前的0.009mm变粗为2006年的0.150mm。蓄水发电后,长江中下游河道冲刷强度明显增大,沿程枯水位有所下降。2002年10月至2006年10月宜昌至湖口河段平滩河槽冲刷量为6.14亿m3,以基本河槽冲刷为主。宜昌站2006年汛后与2002年汛后比较,当宜昌站流量分别为4000m3/s、10000m3/s时,其相应水位分别下降0.07m、0.49m。Since the impoundment and power generation of the Three Gorges project on June 1, 2003, river regime of the lower reach has experienced a great change. Up to 2006, the sediment runoffs at Yichang, Hankou and Datong are 0. 0702, 0. 134 and 0. 163 billion tons, or 86% , 67% and 62% less than the mean annual values, respectively. Sediment grain size at all the hydrologic stations is coarsened, particularly at Jianli where an increase from 0. 009mm to 0. 150mm in grain size was observed. Meanwhile, bed erosion has been intensified significantly resulting in a lower water level. Between Yichang to Hukou where main channel erosion dominates, the erosion volume in the main channel below flood plain from Oct. 2002 to Oct. 2006 is 6. 14 × 10^8m^3. In comparison with 2002, the water level at Yichang after the flood season of 2006 is lowered by about 0.07m and 0.49m at flow rates 4000m^3/s and 10000m^3/s, respectively.

关 键 词：河流泥沙工程学 三峡工程 水文情势 河道冲刷 

分 类 号：TV147.5[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]