模拟条件下农田磷素渗漏淋失特征研究  

Characteristics of Agriculture Soil Phosphorus Leakage under the Simulated Conditions

作　　者：李学平[1,2] 石孝均[2] 

机构地区：[1]滨州学院城市与环境系,山东滨州256600 [2]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2010年第3期32-36,共5页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划项目"新型高效肥料创制"(2006BAD10B08);国家土壤肥力监测网络和农业部"948"项目资助(2006-Z53)

摘　　要：采用土柱淋溶模拟的方法,研究降雨强度、降雨量以及施用不同种类的有机肥对磷素渗漏淋失的影响。结果表明,当降雨量低于53mm的时候,磷淋失的负荷与降雨强度关系不大,但随着降雨量的增大而增大。在降雨量较高的5～8月份(水稻季)磷渗漏淋失负荷普遍较高,最高可达709g/hm2。磷渗漏淋失负荷与降雨量进行回归分析得出两者之间用乘幂关系拟合度最高,其相关系数为r=0.861**～0.962**(r0.01=0.708)。配施牛粪增大了土壤磷素渗漏淋失的迁移能力,而配施秸秆则起抑制作用,降低了磷渗漏淋失的迁移能力。Through soil columns leaching, the effects of rainfall intensity, rainfall amount and different organic manures on phosphorus leakage were investigated. Results showed that the load of phosphorus leaching augmented following with rainfall amount, and had no relationship with rainfall intensity. The load of phosphorus leaching was higher in the paddy season than other season, with the highest load up to 709g/hm^2. The power relationship between phosphorus leaching load and rainfall amount could be best expressed as the coefficient correlation of 0.861^＊＊-0.962^＊＊. Cow manure combining with chemical fertilizer increased phosphorus leaching in soil, and straw inhibited the phosphorus leaching to simultaneously reduce phosphorus migrating ability.

关 键 词：磷 渗漏淋失 降雨 有机肥 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]