氮肥施用时期及用量对水稻生长和产量的影响  

The Effect of Nitrogen Application Stage and Amount on Growth and Yield of Rice

作　　者：王道中[1] 郭熙盛[1] 王文军[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第36期17929-17930,17934,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87B06)

摘　　要：[目的]为氮肥的合理利用提供科学依据。[方法]以新两优6号为试材,采取田间小区试验方法,在施用等量氮肥的条件下,共设7组处理,研究氮肥施用时期及用量对水稻生长和产量的影响。[结果]基肥施氮比例过高,促进水稻前期的生长特别是地上部分的生长,容易导致营养生长过旺;增加分蘖肥和穗肥的比例,可以促进水稻后期生长,保持根系的活力和提高根系的总量,能够使水稻营养生长和生殖生长均衡发展;降低基施氮肥比例,增加分蘖肥和穗肥比例,能够满足水稻生长后期对养分的需求,每穗实粒数、千粒重增加,水稻产量提高。[结论]在沿巢湖流域坡岗地区,以处理⑦(30%氮肥作基肥+30%氮肥作分蘖肥+40%氮肥作穗肥)产量最高。[Objective]The study aimed to provide the references on nitrogen rational utilization.[Method]With the Xinliangyou NO.6 as test material,took field plot as the method,set up 7 treatments,the effects of nitrogen application stage and amount on growth and yield of rice were studied in the conditions of equivalent nitrogen.[Result]There was a rapid growth in early growth and overground part,and it was easy to make vigorous vegetative growth when base fertilizer proportion was too high;higher tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer could promote the rice growth in late stage,keep root activity and enhance root quantity,make the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of rice keep balance; it could satisfy the demand to nutrients in rice late growth,increasing filled grain number per panicle and 1000 -grain weight,and improving the yield based on decreasing the base fertilizer proportion and enhancing tillering fertilizer and panicle fertilizer can.[Conclusion] Treatment⑦（took N as base fertilizer ＋ took N as tillering fertilizer ＋ took N as panicle fertilizer） had the highest yield at hillside land in Chaohu basin.

关 键 词：水稻 氮肥 施用时期 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]