丝状石油降解真菌的筛选及其降解特性研究  

Study on the Screening and Degradation Characteristics of Filamentous Petroleum Degrading Fungi

作　　者：胡长庆 鲍玉婷 徐伟 郑春艳 

机构地区：[1]浙江宁波市微生物与环境工程重点实验室,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第4期1664-1666,1742,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划子课题(2005CB724204);宁波市海洋与渔业局专项资金项目(甬海[2007]69号9-10)

摘　　要：[目的]筛选丝状石油降解真菌,并研究其降解特性。[方法]从宁波象山港及镇海炼化厂卸油区域受原油污染的海水和土壤中筛选目标菌株,并对其降解原油的速度、耐油性、接种量、氮磷营养需求等进行探讨。[结果]得到3种目标菌株,分别为丝壶菌属(Hy-phochytrium Zopf),网囊霉属(Dictyuchus Leitgeb)和腐霉属(Pythium Pringsheim),并命名为S-3、T-1和T-2。3种菌株均具有降解原油快速高效的特点,接种量在0.5%～1.0%(V/V)时,处理5d对原油的平均降解率达到57.00%～65.00%。S-3菌株耐油性强,适应寡氮磷营养环境;T-1和T-2菌株耐高氮磷营养环境,但高原油浓度不利于其对原油的生物转化。[结论]丝状石油降解真菌作为一种生物治理石油污染的新型微生物资源具有良好的应用前景。[Objective]The research aimed to screen out the filamentous petroleum degradation fungi and study its degrading characteristics.[Method]The target strains were screened from petroleum-polluted seawater and soil respectively in Xiangshan Port and nearby Zhenhai Refinery of Ningbo.And their degradation speed of crude oil,oil tolerance,inoculation amount,N and P nutrient requirements were discussed.[Result]Three target strains were obtained,which were Hyphochytrium Zopf,Dictyuchus Leitgeb and Pythium Pringsheim,named as S-3,T-1 and T-2 respectively.Three strains all had the characteristics of degrading crude oil fast and efficiently.Their average degradation rates to crude oil were 57.00%-65.00% after their were incubated at the inoculation volume of 0.5%-1.0%（V/V） for 5 days.S-3 strain had strong oil tolerance and it was suitable for nutrient environment with less N and P.T-1 and T-2 strains had the tolerance to nutrient environment with high N and P.But high concentrations of crude oil were not conducive to the bio-transformation of crude oil.[Conclusion]As a new kind of microbial resources for the biological control of petroleum pollution,filamentous petroleum degradation fungi had good application foreground.

关 键 词：丝状石油降解真菌 筛选 降解特性 降解率 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学]