淮北地区超高产小麦品种资源筛选及其生理特性分析  

Screening on Super-high-yielding Wheat Varieties in Huaibei Area and Analysis on Their Physiological Characters

作　　者：乔玉强[1,2] 曹承富[1,2] 赵竹[1,2] 杜世州[1,2] 张耀兰[1,2] 刘永华[3] 张四华[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院作物所,安徽合肥230031 [2]安徽省农作物品质改良重点实验室,安徽合肥230031 [3]安徽省蒙城县农业技术推广中心,安徽蒙城233500

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第4期1761-1764,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2006BAD02A06-19)

摘　　要：[目的]筛选适合淮北地区种植的具有超高产潜力的小麦品种。[方法]于2006～2007和2007～2008年2个年度田间试验中分别对26个小麦供试品种的产量性状、分蘖特性、养分吸收特性及部分生理生化特性进行测定与分析。[结果]26个小麦供试品种中,烟农19、皖麦52和周麦18是适合淮北地区种植的具有超高产(9000kg/hm2)潜力的小麦品种。对各品种的生理特性分析发现,超高产小麦品种的茎蘖数为1300万～1500万/hm2;在各生育阶段干物质积累量较其他品种多;返青前,叶片叶绿素含量与其他品种无显著差异,但返青后则高于其他品种;超高产小麦品种形成100kg籽粒所消耗的N和P2O5量较其他品种多,而消耗的K2O量较其他品种少。[结论]该研究为淮北地区超高产小麦品种的选育及生产提供了理论依据。[Objective]The study aimed to screen the super-high-yielding wheat varieties suitable for planting in Huaibei area.[Method]The characters of yield,tillering,nutrient uptake and some physiological and biochemical characters of 26 wheat tested varieties were determined and analyzed through the field tests resp.in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008.[Result]Among 26 wheat tested varieties,Yannong 19,Wanmai 52 and Zhoumai 18 were the super-high-yielding wheat varieties with the yield level up to 9 000 kg/hm2 that were suitable for planting in Huanbei area.Analysis on the physiological characters of 26 varieties found that,the super-high-yielding wheat varieties had the stem tillering number of 1 300 × 104-1 500 × 104 /hm2 and their dry mater accumulation amount were more than other varieties;before the returning green stage,the chlorophyll content in the wheat leaf had little difference between the super-high-yielding wheat varieties and other verities,but the former was larger than the later after the returning green stage;the consumption of N and P2O5 which could produce 100 kg wheat grains for the super-high-yielding wheat varieties was more than other varieties,but their consumption of K2O was less than other varieties.[Conclusion]The study provided the theoretical basis for the breeding and production of the super-high-yielding wheat varieties in Huaibei area.

关 键 词：超高产小麦 生理指标 品种筛选 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]