双重使命与缺陷:孙中山训政设想再探究  

Reexamining Sun Yat-sen's ideas of political and ideological training

作　　者：黄文治[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文与传播学院,上海200234

出　　处：《武汉科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2010年第1期67-71,共5页Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：世人一般认为孙中山是一个怀抱崇高革命理想主义的激进革命家,也因此有"孙大炮"之称,喻其谋事、行事之不切实际。通过研究孙中山革命程序论中所提出的训政设想,笔者认为孙中山其实不乏理性与冷静,其所提训政设想,希望中国在建立民主体制之前,有一个准备与过渡阶段,以党权扶植民权,训练人民的素质,目标是建立宪政民主政体,有涤荡专制旧污与防止民主异化为民粹主义之双重使命。但其所提训政设想还是遗留内外双重缺陷,且相互关联,形成恶性互动,使其训政设想目标与手段悄然背离,不但制约其所提训政设想双重使命的实现,同时也遗有长远后患。The traditional view is that Sun Yat-sen, a radical revolutionist known for ＂Sun＇s boasting＂ with noble idealism, was impractical. By studying Sun Yat-sen＇s ideas of political and ideological training, however, this author holds that Sun Yat-sen was rather rational and somber-minded. Before the establishment of democratic system in China, he hoped that there was a transition period so as to develop people＇s intelligence and improve people＇s qualities with the goal of establishing constitution- al democracy whose dual missions were to wash away the old tyranny and prevent democracy from ca- tabolizing into populism. Even so, Sun Yat-sen＇s ideas of political and ideological training have seri- ous internal and external defects which are interlinked causing vicious interactions. The defects will prevent the fulfillment of dual missions and account for the defeat of KMT during the subsequent civil war between KMT and CPC.

关 键 词：孙中山 训政设想 民粹主义 以党训政 制度创制 公民政治文化 

分 类 号：D693.1[政治法律—政治学]