2008年辽宁省汉族育龄妇女月经现况的调查  

Surveying on menstruation status of reproductive age women of Han nationality in Liaoning province in 2008

作　　者：王秀霞[1] 王增杰[1] 方媛媛[1] 叶莹心[1] 赵冬妮[1] 周敏[1] 张淑兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属盛京医院妇产科,沈阳110004

出　　处：《中华妇产科杂志》2010年第2期114-117,共4页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：目的了解辽宁省汉族育龄妇女的月经现况。方法2008年4至12月，采取流行病学整群抽样的方法，抽取辽宁省沈阳市、营口市、本溪县及彰武县共1611例年龄19～45岁的健康育龄妇女为研究对象，通过现场问卷形式进行调查，调查内容包括：月经初潮年龄、月经规律性、月经周期及痛经情况。结果在接受调查的1611例育龄妇女中，平均月经初潮年龄为14．4岁，其中城市女性的初潮年龄为（14．2±1．5）岁，县乡女性的初潮年龄为（14．6±1．5）岁，城乡女性初潮年龄比较，差异有统计学意义（t=6．58，P〈0．01）。对被调查者年龄和初潮时间进行回归分析，可以得出其直线回归方程为：Y=0．074X＋11．855，即初潮年龄平均每年提前0．074岁。月经周期正常（21～35d）且规律者占86．34％（1391／1611），月经稀发（周期〉35d）者占11．05％（178／1611），月经频发（周期〈21d）者占2．61％（42／1611），其中初潮后周期即规律者占65．67％（1058／1611），初潮后两年内规律者占94．97％（1530／1611）。痛经者占42．09％（678／1611），其中重度痛经92例（13．6％，92／678），中度痛经147例（21．7％，147／678），轻度痛经439例（64．7％，439／678）。结论辽宁省汉族育龄妇女月经初潮年龄呈逐年降低趋势，城市较县乡女性初潮年龄更低；初潮后95％的育龄妇女在两年内月经逐渐规律。Objective To investigate the menstruation status of reproductive age women of Han Nationality in Liaoning province. Methods From Apr. 2008 to Dec. 2008, 1611 women at age of 19 -45 years from Shenyang, Yingkou, Benxi, Zhangwu were enrolled in this study according to epidemiologic cluster sampling method. The study was performed by questionnaire consisting of age of menarche, regularity of menstruation, menstrual cycle and dysmenorrhea, et al. Results In the survey of 1611 women, the average menarche age is 14.4 years old, there were significant difference on menarche between （ 14. 2 ± 1.5） years in women from city and （ 14. 6 ± 1.5） years in women from country （t =6. 58, P 〈0. 01 ）. The linear regression statistic method was used to analyze the relationship between age and menarche age, the linear regression equation was gotten as Y = 0. 074X ＋ 11. 855, which means 1 year increase was associated with decrease by 0. 074 years in menarche age approximately. About 86. 34% （ 1391/1611 ） of women have normal and regular menstrual cycle at range of 21 to 35 days, while 11.05% （ 178/1611 ） of women have longer menstrual cycle（ 〉 35 days） and 2. 61% （42/1611） of women have shorter menstrual cycle （ 〈21 days）. Of which 65.67% （1058/1611） women have regular menstrual cycle just after menarche, 94.97% （1530/1611） of women would have regular menstruation in 2 years after menarche. The rate of dysmenorrhea was 42. 09% （678/1611）, of which 13.6% （92/678） women have high severe pelvic pain. Conclusion Our results suggested that the trend went toward younger ages of menarche ,which was younger menarche age in women from city than country. About 95% women would have regular menstrual cycle within 2 years after menarche.

关 键 词：成年人 月经周期 月经初潮 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]