一起散发型感染性腹泻的病因分析及探讨  

Etiology and discussion of an example of distributed type of infectious diarrhea

作　　者：陈丽[1] 赖先志[1] 徐红[1] 史英[1] 

机构地区：[1]彭州市疾病预防控制中心,四川彭州611930

出　　处：《四川医学》2010年第2期222-223,共2页Sichuan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的了解引起村民腹泻的原因,杜绝各种肠道传染病的暴发流行。方法对患者进行流行病学调查、观察患者居住环境、采集样本进行实验室微生物检测。结果所有患者均有感染性腹泻临床症状,在饮食史中,有60%的患者饮用过生水、56%的患者食用过剩于食物、30%的患者食用过凉拌菜;患者居住环境卫生状况极其糟糕,30%的患者的饮用水为集中式供水,70%的患者的饮用水为自备井水,饮用水微生物污染严重;样本微生物检测中均未检出致病菌,但食饮具、井水和储备饮用水的细菌总数和大肠菌群均严重超标。结论这起散发的感染性腹泻是村民的卫生意识淡薄、居住环境恶劣,饮用水、食品和生活用具受到了微生物污染引起的。因此有关部门要加强对村民的卫生防病宣传;加强对农村饮用水的主动监测;政府要加大资金投入,加快永久性住房的建设进程,改善村民居住环境,对所有村民进行集中式供水,督促政府加强公共卫生管理。Objective To find out the causes of diarrhea of the villagers and to prevent the outbreak of all kinds of intestinal infectious diseases. Methods Carrying out an epidemiological investigation of the patients, observing the living environment of the patients, collecting samples for microbiological testing in laboratory. Results All patients have clinical symptoms of infectious diarrhea,in the history of diet,60% of the patients drank unboiled water,56% of patients had the remaining food,30% of the patients ate cold food. The living environment of the patients is extremely poor,30% of the patients drink water of centralized supply,70% of the patients drink water from the wells of their own, the microbiology pollution of drinking water is serious;According to the resuhs of the microbiology testing, there are no pathogens in it, but, the total number of bacteria and coliforms on the cooking tools and drinking water is seriously overweight. Conclusion The infectious diarrhea is caused by the microbiology pol- lution of the drinking water and daily life tools. Government should strengthen the propaganda to villagers of the knowledge of health and disease prevention, strengthen the pro-active monitoring of drinking water in rural areas;The government should increase funding, speed up the process of building permanent housing, improve the living environment of the villagers, give the villagers centralized water supply, urge the government of the town. to strengthen public health management.

关 键 词：感染性腹泻 流行病学调查 居住环境 微生物学检测 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]