随机扩增多态DNA技术在天麻遗传多样性分析中的应用  

Application of Random Amplified Polymorphism of DNA Technique on Genetic Diversity in Gastrodia elata

作　　者：王德信[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东菏泽学院资源与环境系,山东菏泽274015

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第4期19-24,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：昭通天麻规范化种植技术(GAP)研究及示范基地建设项目(2002ZY-1)

摘　　要：以乌天麻、黄天麻和绿天麻3种变型为研究对象,通过RAPD分析研究天麻遗传多样性,从而为天麻种源的筛选与鉴定及品种选育提供科学依据。采用改良的CTAB法提取天麻样品DNA,筛选出重复性好的10条随机引物,对130个样品的基因组DNA进行扩增,建立RAPD分析图谱。扩增结果:54条表现为特异性带,多态性变异率高达65.1%,说明天麻变异程度较大。聚类分析表明:栽培群体乌天麻是1个高度混杂的群体,虽然个体的表现型基本相同,但从遗传物质的组成来看,基因型不一致。研究表明天麻具有丰富的遗传多样性,其中乌天麻遗传多样性最丰富,变异复杂。为鉴定优质天麻品种、天麻种质资源合理有效利用和进行遗传育种,提供了可借鉴的科学依据。By the methods of RAPD analysis,this thesis presents the experimental results on plant morphological variations and genetic diversity of G.elata population in Yunnan Province of China,so as to provide more research basic data and scientific knowledge for the germplasmic resource exploration and breeding.Gastrodia elata DNA were extracted by the method of modified CTAB.Filtered out the good repeatability 10 random primers were amplified by RAPD analysis to establish patterns by amplified 130 pairs of genomic DNA samples.Results of PCR amplification：54 specific bands showed polymorphism mutation rate as high as 65.1%.Cluster analysis showed that：cultivated population Ukrainian Gastrodia was a highly mixed group,although the individual＇s phenotype was basically the same,but the composition of genetic material point of view,inconsistent genotype.Research had shown that Gastrodia was a hybrid group with a rich genetic diversity.The richest Ukrainian Gastrodia was variation complex.To identify high-quality species,rational and efficient using of germplasm resources and genetic breeding,provided the scientific basis for reference.

关 键 词：天麻 RAPD分析 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S326[农业科学—作物遗传育种]