不同施钾水平对花生衰老特性及产量的影响  

Effects of different Potassium Application on Senescence and Yield in Peanut

作　　者：康玉洁[1] 王月福[1] 赵长星[1] 王铭伦[1] 徐亮[1] 程曦[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2010年第4期117-122,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划"花生优质安全增效关键技术研究与示范"(2006BAD21B04-12);山东省科技攻关项目"春花生高产栽培理论与技术研究"(2008GG10009003)

摘　　要：为了探索花生生产中延缓衰老,提高产量的适宜的施钾量,采用田间试验和室内化验分析的方法,研究了不同施钾水平对花生衰老特性及产量的影响。结果表明:在花生生长前期,叶片光合速率、叶绿素含量、SOD、POD、CAT活性以及可溶性蛋白含量升高,生长后期持续下降;叶片MDA含量在整个生育期内则持续增加。在施钾量0～150kg/hm2范围内,增施钾肥显著降低花生叶片MDA含量,提高SOD、POD、CAT等酶活性,增加可溶性蛋白含量、叶绿素含量及光合速率,延缓花生衰老,提高产量。当施钾量超过150kg/hm2时,产生负效应。表明合理施用钾肥有利于延缓花生衰老、提高花生产量,建议施钾量在150kg/hm2左右是花生生长较适宜的施钾水平。The effects of different potassium application on senescence and yield in peanut（Arachis hypogea）were studied to provide a basis for reasonable potassium application,delaying the senescence and increasing the yield of peanut.Field plot experiment was carried out to study the effects of different potassium application on senescence and yield in peanut（Arachis hypogea）.The results showed that photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content,superoxide dismutase（SOD）,peroxidase（POD）,catalase（CAT）activity and soluble protein contentincreased at the early growth stage of peanut,but decreased continuously at the late growth stage.In addition,malondiadehyde（MDA）content continually increased during the whole growth period.As potassium application increased from 0 to 150 kg/hm2,MDA content reduced significantly,the activities of SOD,POD,CAT enhanced,soluble protein content,chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate promoted,which delayed the senescence and increased the yield of peanut.It can bring a negative effect when applying more than 150kg/hm2potassium.All of these indicated that reasonable potassium application would be benefit to delay the senescence and increase the yield of peanut.It was suggested that about 150 kg/hm2was the more suitable rate of potassium application for the growth of peanut.

关 键 词：花生 钾 衰老 产量 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]