采用健康风险评价模型研究场地土壤有机污染物环境标准取值的区域差异及其影响因素  

Regional Variance and Its Influencing Factors in Deriving Standard Values of Organic Pollutants in Soil:A Case Study Based on Human Health Risk Assessment Modeling Approach

作　　者：曹云者[1] 韩梅[1] 夏凤英[1,2] 颜增光[1] 周友亚[1] 郭观林[1] 李发生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院土壤污染与控制研究室,北京100012 [2]北京工商大学化学与环境工程学院,北京100048

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第2期270-275,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(200709033);科技部社会公益研究专项(2005DIB3J161)

摘　　要：前人研究及国外已有标准表明,一些有机污染物的土壤环境标准的区域差异显著。我国的土壤环境标准正在酝酿之中,研究土壤环境标准的区域差异及其影响因素十分必要。本文选择了取自我国不同地区的13种典型土壤,以萘为例,应用RBCA模型估算了非致癌危害商为1的目标风险水平下,土壤环境中污染物的最高限值,并对取值区域差异的影响因素进行了探讨。结果表明,不同地区土壤中萘的最高限值差异显著,住宅用地萘的最高限值范围为370～1400mg·kg-1,工业用地限值范围为610～4100mg·kg-1。不同地区土壤中萘的最高限值差异最高可达3.8～6.7倍。土壤质地和有机质含量是影响最高限值取值的两种主要因素。随着土壤质地粘粒含量的增加,最高限值取值增加,达到一定程度后保持不变或略有降低;随着有机质含量的增加,最高限值取值呈增大趋势,但也有某些情况下,有机质含量增加到一定程度后最高限值趋于稳定。该结果预示了某些有机污染物的土壤环境标准取值受区域变异的影响较大,在标准制修订过程中对此需适当加以考虑。Researches and foreign standards clearly illustrated that standards for some organic pollutants in soil varied largely due to regional factors. The current standards of soil environmental quality in China haven＇t included many organic pollutants yet, and the revision of standards is under discussion. Naphthalene is one of the kinds of all 16 prior PAHs, which is more frequently detected and heavily polluted in contaminated site monitoring. In this study, 13 kinds of typical soil samples from different areas in China were taken, and the maximum tolerable values with an acceptable risk of hazard quotient of 1 for naphthalene in these soils were derived based on RBCA model. Regional variances of the maximum tolerable values for Naphthalene in these soils were discussed. The results showed that, the maximum tolerable values of naphthalene in soils from different areas differed significantly. The range of maximum tolerable values for naphthalene in residential land use was from 370 to 1 400mg·kg^-1, and was from 610 to 4 100mg·kg^-1for industrial land use. The maximum tolerable values of naphthalene in different areas varied from 3.8 to 6.7 times. Soil texture and organic matter content were the two main factors which influence the maximum tolerable value of naphthalene. The maximum tolerable values of naphthalene firstly increased as the increases of content of clayey particles in soil, and remain unchanged or decreased slightly when the content of clayey particles increased to a certain extent. The maximum tolerable values of naphthalene also increased with the increase of organic matter content in soil, except for some circumstances, the maximum tolerable values of naphthalene went to a peak value and then keep stable when organic matter content in soil reached a certain level. These results indicated that the soil environmental quality standards of some organic pollutants may have a large regional variation, and this variation should be taken into account during development and revision of the soil environment

关 键 词：萘 多环芳烃 土壤标准 RBCA模型 区域差异 

分 类 号：X-651[环境科学与工程]