云南省呈贡县蔬菜地表层土壤Pb Cu和Zn的小尺度空间分布特征  

Spatial Distribution of Pb,Cu and Zn in Periurban Market Garden Soil in Chenggong County,Yunnan Province

作　　者：祖艳群[1] 高红武[2] 范家友[2] 唐发静[1] 杨炜林[1] 李元[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]昆明冶金高等专科学校,昆明650033

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第2期299-307,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30560034);云南省学术带头人后备人才培养项目(2006PY01-34)

摘　　要：应用地统计学对云南省呈贡县蔬菜生产基地2个典型区域(湖滨区和平坝区)3种微量元素(Pb、Cu和Zn)含量和土壤理化参数(CEC、<0.01mm粘粒和有机质含量)进行了空间结构分析。结果表明:(1)Pb、Cu和Zn含量在湖滨区低于平坝区,湖滨区Pb含量的变异系数较大,达到88.7%;(2)Pb、Cu和Zn含量在不同方向上呈带状各向异性,方向都为WS-NE和SE-NW;(3)Pb、Cu和Zn含量表现出强烈的空间变异,空间相关度介于25%和75%之间。在湖滨区Pb的变异强度高,Cu和Zn在平坝区的变异强度大于湖滨区;(4)CEC在湖滨区受到随机因素引起的变异强度大于平坝区,而粘粒含量和有机质含量的空间相关度均介于25%和75%之间。Pb、Cu和Zn含量与CEC之间呈显著的负相关性;(5)5个相邻的温室大棚湖滨区Pb含量高度变异,Cu和Zn的变异系数小。平坝区各指标的变异系数接近。呈贡县蔬菜生产基地表层土壤Pb、Cu和Zn含量在小于1km2的尺度上表现出明显的空间变异性,空间变异与土壤结构、灌溉、耕作活动、管理水平、施肥水平、大棚蔬菜生产年限、地下水位、农田道路网络和城市排污沟渠的分布等有关。The spatial distribution of 3 trace dements（Pb, Cu and Zn） in lacustrine and transition units of periurban market garden in Chenggong County, Yunnan Province were studied with geostatistical analysis. The results showed that： （1）contents of Pb, Cu and Zn in lacustrine unit were lower than in transition unit. The variation coefficient（CV） of Pb was 88.7% in lacustrine unit. （2）Pb, Cu and Zn showed anisotropy with direction WS-NE and SE-NW. （3）the spatial variations of Pb, Cu and Zn were significant. The nugget （Co） of Pb in lacustrine unit was higher than in transition unit, on the contrary for Cu and Zn. Values of nugget/sill of Pb, Cu and Zn ranged from 25% to 75%. （4）the nugget of CEC in lacustrine unit was higher than in transition unit. CEC was mainly affected by random factors. Values of nugget/sill of physical clay （〈0.01 mm） and organic matter（OM ） contents ranged from 25% to 75%. Negative relationships between CEC and Pb, Cu and Zn were observed.（5 ）Comparing with 5 greenhouses close together, CV of Pb〉100% meant strongly spatial variation in lacustrine unit. CV of Cu and Zn were close, meant similar agricultural practice. In general, spatial variation of Pb, Cu and Zn with 100 m×100 m grid size was significant in two areas（ 1 km^2 and 0.49 km^2）. The spatial distribution of Pb, Cu and Zn was affected by soil texture, irrigation, fertilizers, greenhouse planting years, road and sewage channel net, underground water level and other agricultural management practice.

关 键 词：土壤 微量元素 空间变异 空间分布 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]