北江沉积物汞污染现状与评价初步研究  

Preliminary Study on Pollution Status and Assessment of Mercury in Sediment from the Beijiang River

作　　者：丁小勇[1,2,3] 陈来国[2] 张卫东[3] 许振成[2] 彭晓春[2] 商立海[4] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学化学化工学院,重庆400715 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所城市环境研究中心,广州510655 [3]重庆市环境科学研究院,重庆400020 [4]中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳550002

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第2期357-362,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家环保公益项目(200809011);北江镉污染应急课题(0202043)

摘　　要：为了了解北江沉积物中汞污染现状、来源并评价其污染程度,在北江流域共采集19个沉积物样,用原子吸收法(AAS)和冷原子荧光法(CVAFS)分别测定了其总汞(THg)和甲基汞(MeHg)含量,比较了甲基化率,并用污染指数法对测定结果进行了评价。结果表明,北江沉积物THg含量为73.7～3517ng·g-(1干重),均值为607.6ng·g-1,MeHg含量为0.392～2.384ng·g-1,均值为1.302ng·g-1,韶关冶炼厂为重要污染点源。各采样点甲基化率差异较大,进一步研究影响甲基化的因素具有重要意义。沉积物中THg、MeHg平均污染指数分别为3.04、26.04,表明均为中度污染。Mercury in environment has become the major concern in recent years due to its highly toxic to human and biota. In this study, nineteen sediment samples were collected along the Beijiang River to examine concentrations and sources of mercury, as well as methylmercury. Also, the pollution levels of mercury and its compound were assessed based on comparison with other studies. Total mercury （THg） and methylmercury （MeHg） were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy （AAS） and cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometers （CVAFS）, respectively. Furthermore, methylation rates were calctdated for all samples and pollution degrees of mercury in sediment were evaluated using pollution index methods. The results showed that THg concentrations in sediments ranged from 73.7 to 3 517 ng·g^-1 dry weight, with an average of 607.6 ng·g^-1, and MeHg concentrations ranged from 0.392 to 2.384 ng·g^-1 dry weight, with an average of 1.302 ng·g^-1, respectively. Clearly, wastewater from Shaoguan smelting factory was an important point source for mercury in sediment. In addition, methylation rates varied significantly among samples, suggesting that factors influencing methylation is still unclear. Thus, more studies are needed to explore the relationships between these important factors and methylation rates of mercury in sediment. Based on the average pollution index of THg（F=3.04 ） and MeHg（F=26.04） in sediment, the Beijiang River suffered from medium pollution of THg and MeHg.

关 键 词：北江 沉积物 总汞 甲基汞 评价 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]