用估算热收支的方法评价热棒制冷效果  

Evaluating Cooling Effect of Two-Phase Closed Thermosyphon by Estimated Heat Budget

作　　者：武俊杰[1] 马巍[1] 孙志忠[1] 温智[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2010年第1期106-115,共10页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划(二期)项目(KZCX2-XB2-10);国家自然科学基金创新群体项目(40821001)资助

摘　　要：利用青藏铁路路基地质钻孔资料和地温资料,通过计算随地温变化的热收支、来自近地表的热量、来自深部的热量、以及冻土上限变化引起的相变热,来估算测温孔在水平方向的热收支.通过对比热棒路基、普通路基的右路肩孔以及天然孔水平热收支的差异,来描述热棒的工作效果.之后,对比了热棒路基左路肩孔(阳坡)和右路肩孔(阴坡)水平热收支的差异,并给出解释.最后,以热棒路基右路肩孔水平热收支为基础估算了整个路基的水平热收支,进而给出了单个热棒的平均"产冷量".Cooling effect of the two-phase closed thermosyphon （heat pipe） is always represented by ground temperature decreasing in embankment, lifting up of permafrost table, and freezing period elongating. Effective radius of the thermosyphon and ＂generated cold amount＂ in cold seasons are the main index for further quantifying the effect. Unfortunately, owing to no thermal probe binding down the external wall of the thermosyphon, it is of great difficulty in getting quantified effect in Beiluhe thermosyphon embankment. In this article, using the geological bore data and ground temperature data of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the heat budget with temperature variations, heat from near-surface layer, heat from deeper layer and heat budget for phase transition, which are induced by permafrost table variations, are calculated, and fi- nally the ambient heat budget is also calculated out. Comparing the ambient heat budgets between the right-shoulder borehole in a thermosyphon embankment and in a traditional embankment, it is found that the thermosyphon embankment keeps releasing heat while the others keep absorbing heat. Afterwards, a same comparison between the left-shoulder borehole （south slope） and the rightshoulder borehole （north slope） shows that the horizontal heat budget of the former is about 3/4 of the latter. Because of the south/north slope difference, air temperature in the north slope is lower than that in the south slope. With operation of the thermosyphon, the ground temperature of the north slope decreases much more than that of the south slope. Applying the insulation board to maintain the cooling effect makes the ground temperature at 1.0 m （below insulation board） in the right-shoulder borehole lower than that in the left-shoulder borehole, while the ground temperatures at 0. 5 m （above insulation board） are almost the same in warm seasons. So the difference of ground temperature between 0. 5 m and 1.0 m in the north slope is larger. At last, based on the ambient heat budget o

关 键 词：冻土 热棒 热收支 产冷量 

分 类 号：P642.14[天文地球—工程地质学]