多年冻土地区公路路基纵向裂缝与路基走向关系的探讨  

A Discussion about the Relation between Longitudinal Embankment Cracks and Road Trend in Permafrost Regions

作　　者：徐安花 

机构地区：[1]青海省公路科研勘测设计院,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2010年第1期121-125,共5页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40571068;40801026)资助

摘　　要：纵向裂缝是在多年冻土地区公路的主要病害之一,严重影响了所在路段的行车安全和正常运营.以前我国多年冻土区公路路基普遍不高,纵向裂缝病害较少且危害较小,公路设计和科研对其关注较少.目前,对纵向裂缝的形成机理与分布规律研究较少,对其发生、发展的机制、过程和影响因素缺乏深入的认识,工程和科研人员对其仍未形成统一的认识,给工程整治措施选择和处治方案制定造成很大困难.热状况是影响和控制多年冻土路基,特别是高温高含冰量冻土路基病害发生的关键因素;太阳辐射是影响多年冻土地区地表热状况的主要因素,公路路基抬高后,路基两侧接受太阳辐射的差异变大,冻土路基表面热状况和太阳辐射对路基病害的发生和发展影响变大.结合青藏公路多年冻土区路段纵向裂缝调查结果,分析了路基纵向裂缝在路基横断面上的分布规律,研究了不同走向路基表面太阳辐射的分布,探讨了多年冻土区公路路基纵向裂缝与路基走向的关系。The longitudinal embankment crack is one of the highway diseases in the permafrost regions, which affects the traffic safety and normal operation of the highway. Before the present, the roadbed height of highway in the permafrost regions was very low, and the longitudinal embankment crack was seldom and had little dangers to highway, thus, the designers and researches of frozen ground highway paid little attention to the problems, and knew little about the distribution and mechanism of the longitudinal embankment crack. Now, owing to lack of knowledge of developmental mechanism and factors of the longitudinal embankment crack, the engineers and scientists have not consistent opinions on the problem, which make it difficult to establish a common countermeasure to the highway diseases. The thermal regime of frozen ground embankment affects and controls the stability of embankment in the permafrost regions, especially in the ice-rich and high-temperature permafrost regions, and solar radiation is the principal factor determining the thermal regime of ground surface. The differences between north-faced slopes and south-faced slopes will augment if the embankment height increases, thus, the thermal regime of ground surface and solar radiation will have more influence on the high- way diseases. Based on the investigations of the longitudinal crack along the Oinghai-Tibetan high-way, the distribution of the highway diseases along the highway is analyzed and the solar radiations of different trends are studied. Finally, the relationship between the longitudinal crack of frozen ground embankment and embankment trends is discussed, and the influence of solar radiation on the form of the longitudinal crack is also presented.

关 键 词：多年冻土地区 路基纵向裂缝 路基走向 分布规律 

分 类 号：U416.168[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]