卫星遥感首次监测到准噶尔盆地西北部的冬季融雪洪水  

Winter Snowmelt Flood in the Northwest of Junggar Basin First Monitored by Satellite Remote Sensing

作　　者：毛炜峄[1] 张旭[1] 杨志华[1] 沙依然[1] 陈鹏翔[1] 沈永平[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2010年第1期211-214,共4页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目"新疆面雨量和空中水汽时空分布及变化规律研究"(200821176);中国气象局气候变化专项"新疆空中水资源及面雨量变化特征分析"(CCSF-09-20);国家自然科学基金项目(40771047)资助

摘　　要：2010年1月,新疆北部出现了多次寒潮和60a一遇的连续暴雪天气.在此期间,准噶尔盆地西北部的裕民县及其邻近地区2010年1月6日出现了融雪型洪水.2010年1月裕民降雪量高达95mm,较历年同期偏多5.8倍,突破历史极值;2010年1月1—20日裕民日平均气温均方差达6.5℃,气温升降剧烈,变化幅度大.通过EOS/MODIS卫星遥感监测发现,2010年1月5日裕民县及其邻近地区地表有明显成片的液态水痕迹,而在其前后时段该地区为积雪覆盖.2010年1月,裕民县出现极端降雪事件的同时,极端暖事件与极端冷事件交替出现,隆冬时节的异常升温造成阶段气温异常偏高,引发冬季融雪型洪水.气候变暖背景下,需加强对新疆区域极端天气气候事件的监测、分析及其形成机理的研究,加强区域气候变化影响评估工作,采取切实可行的措施应对气候变化.In January 2010, a continuous snowstorm with possibility of 1/60 and cold waves time after time have raided the north of Xinjiang Region. On January 6th, slushy flood appeared in Yumin County and adjacent areas in the northwest of Junggar Basin. In January, snowfall in Yumin County reached 95 mm, 5.8 times of the average value in January. In 1st-20th January 2010, the daily mean square error of air temperature reached 6.5 ~C in Yumin County, with an intense temperature variation. In 5th January, it was found that obvious trace of water appeared on the surface in Yumin County and adjacent areas from satellite remote sensing, however, there was snow cover before and after 5th January. In January 2010, extreme snowfall, extreme warm weather and extreme cold weather alternation appeared successively, as a result, slushy flood took place finally owing to abnormal temperature rise up in winter. With the background of climate warming, it is necessary to enhance the monitor of extreme climate events and to enhance the evaluation research of climate change effect in Xinjiang region, and to a dopt practical and feasible measures against climate change.

关 键 词：冬季 融雪型洪水 卫星遥感监测 准噶尔盆地西北部 气候变化 

分 类 号：P343.6[天文地球—水文科学]