50年来黄土高塬沟壑区典型小流域土地利用动态变化及其驱动力分析  

Analysis of dynamic changes and its driving forces of land use during the past 50 years in a typical watershed in the Loess Plateau gully area

作　　者：陈攀攀[1] 毕华兴[1] 陈智汉[2] 云雷[1] 马雯静[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]黄河水利委员会西峰水土保持科学试验站,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2010年第1期71-76,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(“973”项目)“水土流失综合调控原理与治理范式”(2007CB407207)

摘　　要：以经过50多年水土流失综合治理的黄土高塬沟壑区西峰杨家沟小流域为研究对象,通过遥感影像解译并结合实地调查还原的6期土地利用图,根据土地利用面积变化及土地利用转移概率矩阵,对杨家沟小流域50多年来的土地利用动态变化进行分析。结果表明:1)杨家沟小流域1954—2008年土地利用变化总的趋势是林地面积大幅增加,未利用地面积大幅减少,牧草地、园地、居民点及工矿用地也有不同程度的增加;2)土地利用变化的主要方向为未利用地向林地转化,耕地、牧草地、居民点及工矿用地面积的增加也主要来自未利用地的开发利用,园地主要由耕地转化而来;3)政策变动、经济发展及人口增长在土地利用变化中起了重要的驱动作用。Yangjiagou small watershed in Xifeng city of Gansu province was chosen as the study area,which had been taken comprehensive measures for erosion control during the past 50 years.Based on remote sense image interpreting and field survey approach,the land-use information of six different petiods were gotten.Using these datas,the land-use dynamic changes in the past 50 years were analyzed through land-use area changes and land-use transition probability matrix.Results showed that： 1） During the period of 1954 to 2008,the area of forest land was increased greatly and the area of unexploited land was lowered sharply.In addition,the area of grassland,garden land and communication land were increased in different degree;2） The main changes of land-use was unexploided land to forest land.In addition,the cultivated land,grassland,communication land were also mainly transformed from the unexploided land and the graden land was mainly transformed form the cultivated land;3） Policy changes,economic development and population growth played important driving roles in land-use changes.

关 键 词：土地利用 动态变化 驱动力 黄土高塬沟壑区 杨家沟小流域 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] P285.23[农业科学—农业基础科学]