基于生态足迹法的城市化问题研究  

Approach to urbanization issues on the base of ecological footprint

作　　者：荆治国[1,2] 周杰[1] 梁剑鸣[1,2] 何忠[1,2] 杨林海[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,西安710075 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2010年第3期13-19,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室自主部署项目(编号:LQ0705)资助

摘　　要：依据1997-2006年西安市城镇居民和非城镇居民生态足迹时间序列,分析了城市化发展对生态足迹供需变化的影响,旨在探寻引起生态足迹供需变化的城市化驱动机制,以期为西安市城市化发展和生态环境建设提供理论依据。从1997年至2006年,西安市的人口城市化率由40.4%增加至45.7%,人均生态足迹从1997年的1.31hm2增至2006年1.64hm2,共增加了25%。人均生态足迹和城市化水平呈显著正相关。随着城市化水平的提高,万元GDP生态足迹呈明显的下降趋势。采用二次多项式方法对人均生态足迹和与城市化率的关系进行了拟合。推算出当城市化率达到50.66%时人均生态足迹达到拐点,即人均1.74hm2。同样采用多项式方法对人均生态足迹和与人均GDP的关系进行拟合,推算出当人均GDP达到2.67万元时,人均生态足迹达到拐点,此时人均生态足迹为1.79hm2。结合西安市实际情况,提出了合理调控城市化进程,科学规划城市布局,加大新型能源的推广力度,不断推广高科技农业技术,提高作物产量和大力发展生态经济的建议。To approach the role of urbanization as a driving force for ecological footprint balance variation and provide theoretical principles for urbanization planning and ecological environment development in Xi＇an, the impacts of urbanization on ecological footprint balance was analyzed after extracting the ecological footprint data for urban and non - urban residents in Xi＇an from 1997 to 2006. The urban population of Xi＇an grew from 40.4% in 1997 up to 45.7% in 2006,while the ecological footprint per capita grew from 1.31hm^2 in 1997 up to 1.64hm^2 in 2006 with a total increase of 25 % o A significant correlation between ecological footprint per capita and urbanization could be found according to calculations, and the ecological footprint per capita tended to go up with urbanization. However, the ecological footprint per ten -thousand -Yuan GDP showed a tendency to drop significantly with urbanization. Polynomial fitting was performed to find out the relationship between ecological footprint per capita and urbanization rate. The result showed that ecological footprint per capita will reach a maximum 1. 79hm^2 when urbanization rate hits 50.66%. Polynomial fitting was also performed to analyze the relationship between ecological footprint per capita and GDP per capita, and the result showed that ecological footprint per capita will reach a maximum 1.79 hm^2 when GDP per capita hits 26,700 Yuan. We suggested that ： （ 1 ） Scientific urbanization and urban planning shouid be carried out. （2） New energy and high - tech agricultural practices be introduced. （3）Crop yield and eco -economy be promoted with great effort.

关 键 词：可持续发展 城市化 生态足迹法 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学]