陕北黄土高原降雨侵蚀力时空变化研究  

Spatial-temporal characteristics of rainfall erosivity in northern Shaanxi region in the Loess Plateau

作　　者：穆兴民[1,2] 戴海伦[1] 高鹏[1,2] 吴燕[1] 张琛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,杨陵712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨陵712100

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2010年第3期37-43,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院西部行动计划"黄土高原水土保持与可持续生态建设试验示范研究KZCX2-XB2-05";国家"973"项目"中国主要水蚀区土壤侵蚀过程与调控研究(2007CB407203)"资助

摘　　要：陕北地区是典型的黄土高原水土流失严重区,降雨侵蚀力是表征水蚀地区降雨侵蚀潜力的复合指标。系统分析降雨侵蚀力国内外研究现状,采用陕北及其周边地区27站日降雨资料及降雨侵蚀力简易计算方法,分析陕北地区降雨侵蚀力季节差异、年际变化,绘制了陕北地区多年平均及其20世纪各年代降雨侵蚀力空间分布等值线,研究结果对进一步认知陕北地区水土流失规律、指导水土保持工作具有重要意义。In the regions of watererosion, rainfall erosivity is a key index used to determine the characteristics of erosivity of rainfall. The soil erosion in Loess Plateau, northern Shaanxi Province, is rather severe and rainfall is the main dynamic of this process. In this study, progress of the rainfall research at home and abroad was ana- lyzed with the simple method of estimating the rainfall erosion. Based on the natural environment of Loess Plateau, this study estimated rainfall erosion variability during years and seasonal distribution using daily rainfall data from 9 weather stations. Moreover, the average annual rainfall erosivity in the study region was estimated by calculating 29 weather stations in and near northern Shaanxi. Maps of rainfall erosion distribution were made by Surfer software. Result showed that the seasonal distribution of rainfall erosivity is centralized from June to September, the erosivity of rainfall decreases from the southeast to the northwest of the northern Shaanxi study region, with annual rainfall shows a similar pattern. The inter - annual variation is severe.

关 键 词：降雨量 降雨侵蚀力 时空分布 陕北地区 黄土高原 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]