北京市大兴区2000例妇女宫颈癌防治知识水平及影响因素调查  

Awareness status of knowledge about cervical cancer prevention and cure and its influencing factors among 2000 women in Daxing District,Beijing

作　　者：周婧雅[1] 邱立平[2] 刘丽[2] 刘广美 王奎香 李涛[1] 许丽娜[1] 鞠丽荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生与家庭医学学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学附属妇产医院妇幼保健院,北京100026 [3]北京大兴区妇幼保健院,北京102600

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2010年第2期94-97,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：卫生部宫颈癌早诊早治项目;首都医科大学基础临床合作项目(09JL05);北京市教委科技面上项目(KM200710025013)

摘　　要：目的了解北京市大兴区30—59岁妇女宫颈癌防治知识知晓情况并探讨其影响因素，以便制订相应防治策略。方法采用分层整群抽样方法选取研究对象，宫颈癌筛查前发放宣传手册，筛查现场采取一对一方式进行问卷调查。结果2000名妇女宫颈癌相关知识总体知晓率不高：宫颈癌防病知识中，知晓率最高的是“保持性生活卫生能预防宫颈癌”，最低的是“人乳头状瘤病毒（HPV）是必要病因”，分别为75．5％和15．8％；多因素分析显示，文化程度、居住地、有否5年内筛查史、家庭年人均收入是影响妇女知晓率的主要因素，且文化程度、家庭年人均收入等级越高，知晓率越高。2000名妇女5年内宫颈癌筛检率为36％，知识匮乏或错误认知以及由此导致的身心恐惧是妇女不愿参加宫颈癌普查的主要原因。结论被调查的妇女宫颈癌相关知识总体知晓率不高，需进一步加大健康教育力度，尤其对农村地区、低文化水平、低收入群体等妇女应采用多样且通俗易懂的健康教育手段，以提高其知晓率和宫颈癌筛检率，有利于宫颈癌及其癌前病变的早诊早治。Objective To investigate the awareness status of knowledge on cervical cancer prevention and cure as well as relevant influencing factors to provide basis for developing corresponding intervention measures. Methods An epidemiolagieal questionnaires survey was conducted among 2000 women recruited by the stratified cluster sampling after distributing propaganda materials in Daxing District, Beijing. Results The awareness rate about cervical cancer among women was rather low ranged from 15. 8% （ HPV infection was the main cause of developing cervix cancer） to 75.5% （ keeping sexual hygiene was good for cervix cancer prevention）. Multifactorial analysis indicated educational level, distriet, uptake of cervical cancer screening test or gynecologic examination in the past 5 years and annually average income of family members were major factors influencing awareness of women. The higher level of education the women were, the higher knowledge awareness rate the women had and so were the women with higher annually average income of family members. Among the 2000 women, the screening rate in past five year was 36% and no significant difference were found between urban and rural groups. Lack of knowledge or wrong perception towards cervical cancer screening and the subsequent physical and mental fear were the main factor influencing the screening rate among women in Daxing District. Conclusion Intelligible health education pattern should be applied to improve women＇ s awareness of cervical cancer related knowledge especially among women with low education and low income in rural areas, which will help raise screening rate and contribute to the success of any cervical cancer prevention program.

关 键 词：子宫颈癌 知识 知晓率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R737.33[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]