薄荷头状腺毛分泌过程的超微结构研究  

Ultrastructure of the Secretion of Capitate Glandular Hairs in Mentha haplocalyx Brig

作　　者：闫先喜[1] 胡正海[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学生命科学学院植物科学系 [2]西北大学植物研究所

出　　处：《生命科学研究》1998年第4期295-300,304,共7页Life Science Research

摘　　要：电镜观察表明，刚形成的薄荷头状腺毛的头部细胞，细胞核较大，细胞质浓，有一些小液泡，质体和线粒体最显著．分泌前期，内质网及高尔基体数量明显增加，同时，质体内出现了嗜锇物质．分泌盛期，头细胞内高尔基体和内质网高度发达．组织化学证实，头状腺毛既分泌亲脂类物质，又分泌非纤维素的多糖类物质．亲脂类物质很可能是在质体内合成的，然后通过内质网的加工后转运至质膜，以胞吐方式分泌到质外体空间内．多糖类物质则可能是在高尔基体中合成的，并以高尔基体小泡形式转运至质膜，其外膜和质膜融合后将内含物释放至质外体空间内．分泌盛期的头细胞外方形成一个小的角质层下间隙，同时，在细胞质与细胞壁之间的质外体空间内贮存着非匀质的介质，推测这可能是亲脂类物质与多糖类物质互不相溶造成的现象．It was proved by electron microscopic observation that head cells of capitate glandular hairs in early stages contained a large nucleus and dense cytoplasm with some little vacuoles,numerous plastids and mitochondria.In pre secretory stages,the number of endoplasmic reticulum and dictyosome increased apparently.At the same time,the osmiophilic material appeared in the plastid.There were large numbers of highly active dictyos omes and endoplasmic reticula in the head cells in active secretory stages.It has been proved by histochemical methods that the secretory materials secreted by capitate glandular hairs comprised both lipophilic and non cellulosic polysaccharidic substances.It was supposed that the plastids were the main organelle where the lipophilic materials were synthesized.Afterwards,the lipophilic materials were processed and transferred by endoplastic reticulum to the plasmalemma.And then the lipophilic materials were secreted to the extraplasmatic space via exocytosis.The polysaccharides might be synthesized in the dictyosomes and then were transferred to the plasmalemma via vesicles from Golgi bodies.Furthermore,the external membranes of the vesicles fused with the plasmalemma,thus extruding the content in vesicles to the extraplasmatic space.In active secretory stages,a very narrow subcuticular space developed between the cuticle and the wall layers below it.In the meantime,there were many substances with an uneven texture in the extraplasmatic space between the plasmalemma and cell wall.It was supposed that the substances might contain both lipophilic and polysaccharidic materials,which might be responsible for the uneven texture materials.

关 键 词：薄荷 头状腺毛 分泌 超微结构 

分 类 号：S567.235[农业科学—中草药栽培] Q944.5[农业科学—作物学]