基于土壤侵蚀遥感调查的河流输沙量的计算  

Computation of Sediment Discharge Based on Using Remote Sensing Technology to Investigate Soil Erosion

作　　者：陈曦川[1] 钟劭南[1] 严慕绥[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部遥感技术应用中心

出　　处：《水文》1998年第6期14-18,共5页Journal of China Hydrology

摘　　要：河流泥沙来量的计算是工程水文计算的一个重要组成部分。有水文站观测资料的地方，输沙量的计算比较容易。而对于没有水文站分布或观测资料不足的边远地区，用常规方法无法计算出输沙量。本文以马拉水库涉及到的龙马河流域和涅鲁藏布河流域为工作区，在分析输沙量主要受土壤侵蚀因素影响的基础上，从土壤侵蚀遥感调查入手，参照全国土壤侵蚀遥感调查细则中规定的有关定量化指标，分析并试算了土壤侵蚀模数。通过与临近水文站观测资料的符合，最终确定了一组土壤侵蚀模数，进一步算出该区的年输沙量，满足了水库规划工作中工程水文计算的需要。The computation of sediment discharge,as a important component of engineering hydrology computation,is easy where hydrologic observed data are sufficient,but difficult where the data are inadequate or no hydrometric station,using traditional methods.In this paper,based on the view that sediment discharge is influenced mainly by soil erosion,using remote sensing technology to investigate soil erosion state,a new method of computing sediment discharge is put forward and complicated in Mala Reservoir on the Nianchu River in Tibet Autonomous Region.In the research,the suitable erosion moduli were obtained by contrasting with the national detailed rules about remote sensing for soil erosion and comparing with the neighbor stations’data.Using them,the sediment discharge was calculated to meet the needs of the engineering hydrologic computation in the reservoir program work.

关 键 词：输沙星 土壤侵蚀 侵蚀模数 遥感 河流 

分 类 号：TV143.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] P333.4[天文地球—水文科学]