唐山地震发震构造的浅层地震探测  

Shallow Seismic Exploration of the Seismogenic Structures of Tangshan Earthquake

作　　者：郝书检 李建华[1] 于之水[1] 储宝贵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所

出　　处：《中国地震》1998年第4期78-84,共7页Earthquake Research in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：利用浅层地震探测方法，研究唐山地震区１年前出现在卫星图像上的异常现象与发震构造的关系，探讨地震中长期预测的途径。结果表明：唐山地震断层是一条倾向ＮＷ的右旋走滑第四纪同生断裂，它错断了全新统（Ｑ４）、晚更新统（Ｑ３）、中更新统（Ｑ２）和早更新统（Ｑ１）地层。昌平－丰南断裂已断到中更新世地层（Ｑ２），为倾向ＳＷ的左旋走滑正断层。唐山地震就发生在昌平－丰南断裂与唐山断裂交汇的部位上。这再次证明了地震与构造的直接关系，以及震前构造活动信息预兆地震发生的可能性。利用浅层地震方法确定各种异常现象预示的隐伏构造及其活动性来判断地震孕育和发生机制，是非常有意义的。In this paper,the shallow seismic exploration technique has been used to study the relation between anomalies that were displayed by satellite images one year before the occurrence of Tangshan earthquake and the seismogenic structures,as well as to make an approach to medium and long term earthquake prediction.The results have shown that Tangshan seismogenic fault is a NW dipping dextral strike slip Quaternary contemporaneous fault,which offsets the Holocene(Q 4),late Pleistocene (Q 3),middle Pleistocene(Q 2) and early Pleitocene(Q 1) strata.The Changping Fengnan fault is a SW dipping sinistral slip normal fault,which dissects the middle Pleistocene(Q 2) strata.Tangshan earthquake occurred at the convergence zone of Changping Fengnan and Tangshan faults.This may indicate the direct relation between earthquake and seismogenic structures,and the applicability of information of pre seismic tectonic activity to earthquake prediction.It is clear that the application of shallow seismic exploration technique to the determination of buried structures and their activities that were displayed by various anomalous phenomena before the occurrence of seismic event is of great important to the understanding of the development and the formation mechanism of earthquake.

关 键 词：浅层地震探测 卫星图像 唐山地震 发震构造 前兆 

分 类 号：P315.7[天文地球—地震学] P631.4[天文地球—固体地球物理学]