汉族人头面部特征分析  

Analysis of Craniofacial Characteristics of Han Nationality

作　　者：杜利利[1] 兰亚佳[2] 王海椒[1] 汪利民[1] 王正伦[1] 陈卫红[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2010年第1期11-15,共5页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的通过对汉族人进行头面部尺寸测量,了解中国汉族人头面部特点,分析不同民族的头面部特征差异,为头面部产品特别是头面劳动保护用品生产提供重要依据。方法采用标准测量方法,对头面指标和人体指标进行测量。按照年龄、性别和地区抽取中国汉族人作为测量对象。选取头长宽指数、形态面指数和鼻指数3项头面指数研究汉族人头面尺寸的特点,比较不同民族、不同时期、不同国家头面尺寸大小。结果共测量3000名汉族人,男性头面尺寸明显大于女性头面尺寸,汉族人以圆头型、阔面型以及中鼻型为主。中国人的头型特点及尺寸大小和美国人存在明显差异,中国人唇长、面宽明显较大,形态面长和鼻深则较小。表现出宽度较大,而长度较小的特点。结论中国汉族人头面特征表现为面阔、鼻阔。不同时期、不同民族和不同国家其头面特征是有差异的。头面产品的设计应该充分考虑这些因素的影响。Objective Through the facial measurement of Han nationality, to probe into the characteristics Chinese Han nationality and to analyze the characteristic facial differences of different nationalities so as to provide criteria for the design of personal head and face protective devices. Methods Adopting international criteria, head and face referential parameters were measured. The population was sampled according to different age, gender and region. By using these head-face indexes, the characteristics of head-face dimension in different periods, nationalities and countries were analyzed. Results 3000 Han nationality subjects were measured. The results showed that the values of the items in males were larger than those in females. The head-face type of Han nationality was mainly of round head, wide face and medium nose bridge, which were quite different from those of Americans. The mean values of lip length and face width for all Chinese subjects were significantly larger than those of Americans. However, the mean length of face and protrusion of nose for both genders were significantly smaller than those of Americans. Chinese face was shorter but wider than American. Conclusions The characteristics of head-face dimension of Han nationality show wider face and nose. Head-face characteristics are different in different period, different nationalities and different countries. In the design of personal head and facial protective devices these factors should fully be taken into consideration.

关 键 词：头面尺寸 人体测量 头面指数 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]