放牧干扰对喀纳斯草地植物功能群及群落结构的影响  

Effect of Grazing Disturbance on Plant Functional Group and Community Structure of Meadow Community in Kanas Scenic Area

作　　者：郑伟[1,2] 朱进忠[1,2] 潘存德[3] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区草地资源与生态重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆农业大学林学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2010年第1期92-98,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30560124);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划青年教师科研启动基金(XJEDU2007S15)

摘　　要：在确定喀纳斯景区草甸群落放牧干扰梯度的基础上,研究放牧干扰下草甸群落的功能群多样性和群落结构,利用功能群重要值、功能群丰富度、功能群和群落生物量变异系数、群落结构变异系数及群落生态优势度指数,比较分析了不同干扰强度阶段功能群组成结构和群落结构的变化。结果表明:随着放牧干扰强度的增加,群落优势功能群多年生杂类草逐渐被多年生丛生禾草和一二年生杂草所取代,多年生根茎禾草与豆科牧草等不耐践踏和采食的功能群逐渐消失,功能群多样性显著降低,不合理的放牧干扰显著降低了群落稳定性。Based on ascertaining the gradient of grazing disturbance,the effect of different grazing disturbance on the plant functional group composition and community structure of the meadow community were studied by using important value of plant functional group,plant functional group richness,number of species including each plant functional group,coefficient of variation in biomass at the levels of community and plant functional group,coefficient of community structure variation（CSV） and community dominance index.The results showed that with the increase of grazing disturbance intensities,the forbs were replaced by the perennial bunch grasses,annuals and biennials which became the dominant functional group in the meadow community.The perennial rhizome grasses and legumes of lacking trampling and ingestion resistance gradually disappeared,and the functional group diversity significantly decreased with the increase of grazing disturbance intensities The community structure significantly changed because of the production of functional redundancy in the inner functional group and the transformation of functional group role in the whole community.The community stability significantly decreased under unreasonable grazing disturbance.

关 键 词：放牧干扰 植物功能群 群落结构 草甸群落 喀纳斯景区 

分 类 号：Q145.2[生物学—生态学]