辣椒雄性不育材料H9A小孢子败育机理  

Mechanism of Microspore Abortion on Male Sterile Materials H9A and H9B in Pepper (Capsicum annuum)

作　　者：彭婧[1] 巩振辉[1] 黄炜[1] 李大伟[1] 陈儒钢[1] 逯明辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,农业部西北园艺植物种质资源利用重点开放实验室,杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物学报》2010年第1期44-51,共8页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.30771467);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2006BAD01A7和No.2008BADB1B04);陕西省"13115"科技创新工程重大科技专项(No.2008ZDKG-03)

摘　　要：运用光学、电子显微技术及生化指标测定法,对辣椒(Capsicum annuum)雄性不育材料H9A及其保持系H9B小孢子不同发育时期进行细胞形态学观察及生化特性分析。结果表明,雄性不育材料H9A的小孢子败育发生在单核前期,由于绒毡层细胞极度膨胀,四分体受挤压后破裂并降解,无法形成正常的单核花粉粒,属于孢子体败育。不育材料花蕾中的过氧化物酶活性从四分体时期开始明显高于保持系,保持系游离脯氨酸含量从单核小孢子期开始明显高于不育材料;不育材料小孢子发育各时期的可溶性蛋白含量都明显低于保持系,但丙二醛含量均高于保持系。The study involved cell morphological observation and comparison of biochemical characteristics of the new male sterile materials H9A and its maintainer H9B by means of optical and electron microscopy and measurement of biochemical indexes. Microspore abortion of H9A occurred in the early uninucleate stage. The tapetum cells were in extreme hypertrophy so that tetrads were extruded to crack and break down and could not form normal uninucleate pollen grains; the abortion type was sporophyte. During this period, the buds were 0.526–0.572 cm long and 0.318–0.372 cm in diameter; the corolla was about one quarter the length of the calyx. The peroxidase activities in the flower buds of H9A were significantly greater than that in the maintainer line beginning at the tetrad stage, and the content of free proline in the flower bud of the maintainer line H9B was significantly higher than that of H9A in the mononuclear microspore stage. The soluble protein content during the stages of microspore development in H9A was significantly lower than that in H9B, but malonaldehyde （MDA） content was higher than that in the maintainer line.

关 键 词：生化特性 细胞形态学 雄性不育 小孢子 辣椒 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]