洪泽湖日本沼虾9个野生群体遗传多样性微卫星分析  

Microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity in 9 wild stocks of oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense in Hongze Lake

作　　者：冯建彬[1,2] 吴春林[1] 丁怀宇[2] 华雪铭[1] 李应森[1] 李家乐[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]淮阴师范学院江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室,江苏淮安223300 [3]上海市高校水产养殖学E研究院,上海201306

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2010年第2期218-227,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：农业部水产种质资源与利用重点开放实验室开放课题(KFT20083);上海市科委重点科技攻关计划项目(073205111);江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室开放课题(HZHL0803);上海海洋大学博士科研启动基金资助项目(B-8201-08-0279);上海市水产养殖重点学科计划项目(Y1101)

摘　　要：利用微卫星标记分析了洪泽湖避风港、蒋坝、鲍集等9个日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)野生群体的遗传多样性。结果表明,8个微卫星位点呈现高度多态性;每个群体中至少有5个位点显示杂合不足,显著偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡;9个日本沼虾野生群体均表现出较高的遗传多样性水平,洪泽湖中、东部避风港和蒋坝等群体遗传多样性高于西部鲍集和界集群体。突变-漂移平衡分析表明,洪泽湖日本沼虾群体部分位点杂合显著过剩,表明洪泽湖日本沼虾群体部分位点偏离了突变-漂移平衡,但近期没有经历过瓶颈效应,群体数量也没有下降。群体间F-统计量及AMOVA分析表明,群体遗传分化极显著(F ST=0.0643,P<0.01);基于D A遗传距离构建的NJ和UPGMA聚类树均显示,地理位置相邻的群体聚在一起。结论认为,洪泽湖日本沼虾群体具有丰富的遗传多样性,在洪泽湖地区建立日本沼虾种质资源自然保护区,可以更好地有效保护洪泽湖水域的日本沼虾种质资源。Genetic diversity of 9 wild stocks of oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense in Hongze Lake, i.e. 9 stocks of Bi-feng-gang （ BFG ）, Jiang-ba （JB）, Gao-liang-jian （GLJ）, Bao-ji （ BJ ）, Lao-zi-shan （LZS）, Lin-huai （ LH ）, Ban-cheng （ BC ）, Cheng-he （ CH ） and Jie-ji （J J）, were investigated nsing 8 microsatellite DNA loci. The allele numbers, effective allele numbers, observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were estimated to characterize genetic diversity. Tests to detect excess heterozygosity in a population at mutation-drift equilibrium were analyzed. The results showed that all the 8 loci were highly polymorphic. Tests of departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicated at least 5 loci in each stock were with significant heterozygosity deficiency. There was significant deviation from Hardy-Weinherg Equilibrium in all stocks. All of the 9 stocks in Hongze Lake showed high genetic diversities, and the genetic diversities of stocks in eastern and central Hongze Lake such as BFJ and JB were higher than those in the western lake including BJ and JJ. The oriental river prawn stocks in Hongze Lake were partly different from mutation-drift equilibrium with partly heterozygote excesses, which might indicate that the stock, did not suffer bottleneck effects in the past as well as the recent stock decline. FST and AMOVA analysis across all stocks and loci indicated that there was medium level of divergence among the 9 stocks. NJ and UPGMA clustering tree based on DA genetic distance demonstrated that the stocks of adjacent geographical position clustered together. [Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2010, 17 （ 2 ） ： 218-227]

关 键 词：洪泽湖 日本沼虾 微卫星 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S96[农业科学—水产养殖]