中华绒螯蟹人工选育群体的遗传多样性  

Genetic diversity of selected stock of Chinese mitten crab,Eriocheir sinensis

作　　者：李晓晖[1,2] 许志强[2] 潘建林[2] 杨家新[1] 葛家春[1,2] 柏如发[2] 朱清顺[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210097 [2]江苏省淡水水产研究所,江苏南京210017

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2010年第2期236-242,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑项目"长江水系河蟹良种选育与育种(2006BAD01A1305)";江苏省高新技术研究项目"中华绒螯蟹种质鉴定与遗传育种技术研究(BG2004319)";江苏省水产三项工程项目"江苏省河蟹种质资源研发与家系选育(K2008)";江苏省科研条件与设备专项"江苏渔业种质资源保藏与保护利用研究中心建设(BM2006503)"

摘　　要：利用10对微卫星引物对中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)长江水系天然群体、人工选育F4A级群体、F4B级群体以及江苏射阳群体共95个体进行遗传多样性分析。F4A、F4B选育起始群体均来源于固城湖国家级长江水系中华绒螯蟹原种场,射阳群体为江苏省河蟹养殖普遍采用的苗种,其亲本为当地养殖河蟹。结果表明,中华绒螯蟹4个群体的平均观察杂合度(H o)分别为0.8053、0.8197、0.8105、0.8100,平均期望杂合度(H e)分别为0.7149、0.7161、0.7262、0.7286。其中,人工选育F4A级以及B级群体的遗传多样性指数均高于天然群体,但是无显著性差异(P>0.05)。总体而言,本研究中4个群体的遗传多样性均处在较高水平,其中射阳群体的平均期望杂合度最高,天然群体最低,各群体间遗传多样性亦无显著性差异(P>0.05)。聚类分析结果发现,天然群体、F4A级和F4B级选育群体聚为一支,而射阳群体单独聚为一支,表明人工选育中华绒螯蟹群体与长江水系天然群体间没有发生显著性遗传分化。Genetic diversity of Chinese mitten crabs （Eriocheir sinensis ）were analyzed using 10 pairs of mierosatellite primers. Ninety-five samples were collected from wild stock in the Yangtze River, selective breeding stocks （F4A, F4B） and Sheyang cultured stock in Jiangsu Province. FaA and F4B stocks were originated from the animals of national original stock farm of E. sinensis in Gucheng Lake, Jiangsu. Sheyang cultured stock were offspring of local cultured crabs. The results showed that the average observed heterozygosities （Ho） of four stocks were 0.805 3,0.819 7,0.810 5 and 0.810 0 respectively, and the average expected heterozygosities （He）were 0.714 9,0.716 l, 0.726 2 and 0.728 6 respectively. The genetic diversities of selective breeding stocks （F4A and F4B） were higher than that of the wild stock,but there were no significant difference among them （P〉0.05）. Furthermore, the four stocks in the present study had relatively higher genetic diversities, Sheyang cultured stock had the highest He, while the wild stock from Yangtze River had the lowest value, but there were no significant difference among the four stocks （P〉0.05）. Cluster analysis showed that the wild, F4A and F4B stocks were allocated in the same cluster, and Sheyang cultured stock was allocated in another cluster. It revealed that there was no significant difference in genetic differentiation among selective breeding stocks and wild stock. [Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2010, 17 （ 2 ） ： 236-242]

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 人工选育 遗传多样性 微卫星 

分 类 号：S91[农业科学—水产科学]