免储水灌施用保水剂注水播种对玉米产量及其构成因素的影响  

Effects of Yield and Yield Components on Maize under the Condition of Application Water-holding Agent When Sown with Water of Absolved Water-storing Irrigation

作　　者：丁林[1] 张新民[1] 王福霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省水利科学研究院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃农业大学工学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2010年第2期60-63,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD46B05);甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(0702NKDA032)资助

摘　　要：在民勤绿洲通过大田试验研究了免储水灌施用保水剂注水播种对春玉米产量的影响及其构成要素的变化,并对玉米籽粒产量、生物产量、收获指数与产量构成要素及产量构成要素之间的相关关系进行了分析。结果表明,施用保水剂量2.5 g/m2或采用保水剂拌种注水播种处理较常规灌溉处理可增产17.77%和15.13%,节水18.76%和13.92%,增收26.37%和15.73%,上述指标在各处理中均处于较高值,且与常规灌溉处理相比均呈现极显著差异(p<0.01)。玉米穗粒重、穗重和穗长是构成产量的主要因素,而玉米秃尖长、百粒重和穗行数的大小几乎不影响玉米产量,因此,通过增加玉米穗长、穗粒数、穗粒重、穗重是提高玉米籽粒产量和生物产量的可行途径。Based on field experiments the effects of yield and yield components of maize are studied in Minqin Oasis by application water-holding agent when sown with water of absolved water-storing irrigation. In addition, the correlations between the grain yield, above-ground biomass, harvest index and yield components, as well as those among yield components are also analyzed. The result shows that using water-holding agent 2. 5 g/m^2 and sowing seed dressing can increase yields by 17. 77 % and 15.13%, save water by 13. 92% and 18. 76%, increasing output by 15.73% and 26.37%. The indexes of these are high in all treatments and present very significant differences compared with CK. Through an analysis of yield components it can be found that the grain weight, spike weight and panicle length production are a major factor of the component of maize, but one-hundred-seed weight and ear rows does not affect maize production. Therefore, it is feasible to improve yield and biomass of maize by increasing spike length, grain number, per spike grain weight, spike weight.

关 键 词：免储水灌 注水播种 保水剂 产量 玉米 

分 类 号：S274.2[农业科学—农业水土工程]