互花米草对泉州湾盐沼表层沉积物输运的影响  

Impacts of Spartina alterniflora on the transport of surface sediments in coastal saltmarshes of Quanzhou Bay

作　　者：王爱军[1] 叶翔[1] 黄财宾[1] 陈坚[1] 李东义[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所海洋与海岸地质环境开放实验室,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2010年第1期66-72,共7页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40606012);国家908专项资助项目(908-ZC-I-10)

摘　　要：海岸盐沼是海岸湿地系统的重要组成部分,具有很强的环境调节功能.互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)的引种对海岸盐沼的沉积动力产生很大影响.粒度分析结果表明,互花米草盐沼边缘与沉积物平均粒径为6.7φ的等值线分布一致.现场观测表明,互花米草对流速具有明显的阻滞作用,使得光滩流速明显大于互花米草内的流速;在互花米草滩内,随着离盐沼边缘距离、植被高度、植株直径的不同,涨落潮流速也表现出不同的变化趋势.粒径趋势分析结果显示,互花米草盐沼边缘的表层沉积物由光滩向盐沼内输运,潮水沟的存在对沉积物的输运格局具有显著影响.对比分析表明落潮后期的水动力条件控制着研究区内表层沉积物的净输运方向.Coastal saltmarshes represent an important coastal wetland system. The introduction of Spartina alterniflora Loisel influences the sediment dynamic of coastal saltmarshes. Grain size analysis shows that the marsh edge is distributed along the contour of sediment mean grain size with the value of 6.7φ. In situ measurements show that the current velocities on bare flat are much higher than those in Spartina alterniflora marsh and the current velocities are also distinct with the different distances from S. alterniflora marsh edge, different canopy heights and diameters. Grain size trend analysis indicate that the surface sediments near the marsh edge are transported from bare flat to marsh;the existence of tidal creeks may change the sediment transport pattern. Comparative analysis indicates that the net transport directions in the study area are controlled by hydrodynamic at the late ebb tide phase.

关 键 词：海洋地质学 互花米草 海岸盐沼 沉积动力 粒径趋势分析 

分 类 号：P534[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]