抗结核药物治疗老年肺结核患者的不良反应及防治方法  

Analysis and prevention of adverse reaction of anti-tuberculosis drugs in elderly patients

作　　者：王秀丽 张乐平[2] 汪远红 

机构地区：[1]广东省肇庆市结核病防治所,526040 [2]广东省深圳市慢性病防治中心

出　　处：《中国医药》2010年第3期223-224,共2页China Medicine

摘　　要：目的提高老年肺结核患者的治疗效果，保证疗程的顺利完成。方法对186例60岁以上老人肺结核患者（老年组）及198例20～60岁青壮年肺结核患者（青壮年组）在抗结核药物治疗过程中出现的不良反应进行对比分析，探讨防治不良反应的有效方法。结果老年组患者抗结核药物不良反应发生率为62％（115例），青壮年组患者抗结核药物不良反应发生率为32％（58例）。老年组患者在接受治疗15d内出现不良反应53例，15—30d28例，30～60d约20例，2个月以上14例。青壮年组患者在接受治疗15d内出现不良反应32例，15—30d18例，30-60d约10例，2个月以上8例。结论老年肺结核患者在使用抗结核药物时出现不良反应较明显，且出现时间早，故制订合理的抗结核化疗方案，掌握好用药剂量，使用合理的护肝用其他预防副作用的药物，可以减少不良反应的发生，保障抗结核治疗的顺利完成。Objective To observe therapeutic effect of tuberculosis in elderly patients. Methods One hundred and eighty-six elderly patients （ 〉 60 years old） and one hundred and nighty-eight patients （20-60 years old） were observed. Adverse drug reactions and methods of preventing adverse drug reactions during the treatment with anti-tuberculosis drug were analyzed. Results Adverse reaction rate in elderly patients was 62% （ 115 cases） and 32% （58 cases） in 20-60 years＇ old patients. Among elderly patients, 53 cases had adverse reactions in 15 days after treatment started, 28 cases between 15 and 30 days, 14 cases between 1 to 2 months, and 14 cases in over 2 months. Thirty-two cases among 20-60 years＇ old patients got adverse reactions in 15 days, and 18 cases between 15 to 30 days, 10 cases between 1 to 2 months, and 8 cases over 2 months. Conclusions Adverse reaction occurs earlier and more frequently in elderly patients than that in young and middle-aged patients. An reasonable chemotherapeutic plan and proper dosage of chemotherapy drugs can reduce adverse reactions and accomplish the courses of anti-tuberculosis treatment.

关 键 词：肺结核 老年 药物不良反应 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]