我国民族区域自治“自治权”与国际社会“地方自治权”研究  

Two Different Kinds of "Local Autonomy":A Comparison between the Autonomy of Regional National Autonomy in China and the Local Autonomy of the International Community

作　　者：任新民[1] 沈寿文[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学马克思主义研究院 [2]云南大学法学院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《云南民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2010年第2期5-10,共6页Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：国际社会所谓的"地方自治权"从公权力的角度上看,是一个国家通过宪法或者法律确定,由地方自治政府为了本地方居民的利益而管理本地方公共事务的权力,这种权力可以排除上级政府或中央政府的非法干预,因此它是以国家权力纵向划分的"地方分权"制度为前提的。我国民族区域自治制度下的"自治权"则是指民族区域自治地方的自治机关在中央统一领导下,根据宪法和法律的规定,拥有与一般地方政权不同的、比一般地方政权机关更为自主管理"本民族内部事务"的权力,因此它不以"地方分权"为要件,而是在特定地方政权机关(民族区域自治地方自治机关)与一般地方机关权力的横向比较基础上建构的,其与国际社会"地方自治权"在制度设计、运行机制和制度价值目标上存在着根本的区别。因此,我国的民族区域自治制度更有优越性。From the perspective of public power, the so - called ＂local autonomy＂ by the international community is the power for managing the local public affairs obtained from the constitution or laws of a country and authorized to the local autonomous government for the benefit of the local residents. Such authority, which can help exclude the illegal interference from the higher authorities or the central government, has the precondition based on a vertical division of the ＂decentralized＂ state power. The ＂autonomy＂ of China＇s regional national autonomy system refers to the power authorized to the local autonomous institution by the central government as well as the constitution and laws, which differs from the general local authority and has more power than the ＂self - management of the ethnic group＇ s internal affairs＂. Thus, ＂decentralization＂ is not the key element, and our autonomy is a better system compared with others in terms of institutional design and value, operation mechanism as well as goal when taking the differences of the power of particular local government agencies （ local self - government organs of national regional autonomy） and the power of other local authorities into consideration.

关 键 词：地方自治权 民族区域自治权 比较 

分 类 号：C954[社会学—民族学]