2007-2008年山东省烟台市手足口病流行病学特征分析及主要病原鉴定  

Analysis of the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand,foot and mouth disease in Yantai,Shandong 2007-2008

作　　者：秦玉君[1] 牟广臻 刘靖宇[1] 张建军[1] 邢玉芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省烟台市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《疾病监测》2010年第1期12-14,共3页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的分析山东省烟台市手足口病流行特征及主要病原学特点。方法收集2007-2008年烟台市手足口病病例,比较两年的发病率、发病人群特征以及病例地域分布特征。采集2008年79人份住院病例的粪便样本,采用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测核酸和病毒分离方法进行病原学鉴定。结果2008年发病率(39.91/10万)较2007年(53.80/10万)下降25.55%。两年病例分别覆盖93.92%和95.27%的乡镇。2007年发病集中于烟台北部和南部,2008年发病集中于东北部。2007年高峰为6月,2008年高峰为5月。RT-PCR检测标本EV71阳性率为74.65%,CA16阳性率为29.58%,细胞培养标本EV71阳性率为63.51%,CA16阳性率为40.54%。结论2008年发病范围扩大,发病率下降。疫情高发地区,经过流行后,次年发病下降,而周围低发地区次年发病明显上升。夏秋季为流行高峰,2008年高峰提前1个月,峰值降低。2008年烟台市手足口病流行的优势毒株为EV71。Objective To determine the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Yantai, Shandong province. Methods The data of cases of hand, foot and mouth disease were collected for the comparison of incidence rates, demographics and geographical distribution of the cases in 2007 and 2008. In 2008, a total of 79 stool samples were collected from hospitalized cases for etiological identification using RT-PCR and viral isolation. Results The incidence rate of HFMD （39.91/lakh） in 2008 was a sharp decrease of 25.55% since 2007 （53.80/lakh）. Cases in the two years involved 93.92% and 95.27% villages and towns, respectively. Most cases of HFMD were located in south and north regions of Yantai in 2007, whereas in 2008, most cases were in the northeast. The incidence rate peaked in June, 2007 and May, 2008. RT-PCR revealed 74.65% EV71-positive and 29.58% CA16- positive samples, and cell culture suggested 63.51% and 40.54%, respectively. Conclusion Despite reduction in the overall incidence, the disease involved a larger area in 2008. Following the prevalence, decline in the incidence rate was observed in the next year in highly prevalent areas in contrast to significant increase in that of peripheral areas which were less involved before. Summer and autumn were the seasonal peak of HFMD prevalence, which came one month earlier with milder peak value in 2008 than in 2007. EV71 was the dominant pathogenic strain of HFMD in Yantai in 2008.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学特征 病原学 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]