宋代文思院的管理体系与管理措施  

The Administrative System and Managing Measures of Wensiyuan in the Song Dynasty

作　　者：王菱菱[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学宋史研究中心,河北保定071002

出　　处：《河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2010年第1期8-20,共13页Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究"十五"规划课题<宋代的金属制造业>;编号:01JA770026

摘　　要：宋初,文思院由以文思使、文思副使系衔的内侍官、武臣掌领。至少从宋真宗时期起,文思使和文思副使不再掌管文思院。宋神宗时期,文臣京朝官成为管理文思院的最高官员,内侍官及武臣地位下降。南宋时期,文思院监官、监门官均由文臣担任,武臣、内侍难觅踪影。文思院上下界均设置了各类公吏,制定严密的管理制度。文思院通过采取订立各类产品的料例功限、检验产品的质量、注重经济成本的核算、提高工匠的雇值等种种措施,为皇室、各级政府部门及普通民众提供了规范划一、制作精良的手工业产品,在各类手工业部门中起到了引领的典范作用,促进了宋代手工业技艺的提高和生产的发展。In the early period of the Song dynasty, the military officials and eunuch were appointed as Wensishi or Vice Wensishi to manage Wensiyuan（文思院）. From the reign of emperor Song Zhen Zong, Wensishi and Vice Wensishi were no longer in charge of Wensiyuan. In the reign of emperor Song Shen Zong, central government official took charge of Wensiyuan, the military officials and eunuch＇s position went down. In the Southern Song period, the officials managed Wensiyuan and the military officials and eunuch were no longer in charge of Wensiyuan. Wensiyuan set up various officials and formulated strict managing system. By making sure the function of all products, checking the quality of products, focu- sing on the accounting of economic costs and improving the value--employed craftsmen and various oth- er measures to the royal family, government departments and the public at all levels were provided with the normative standard, sophisticated handicraft products played a leading role models in all kinds of handicrafts which promoted the handicraft skills of the Song dynasty.

关 键 词：宋代 文思院 手工业作坊 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]