丘陵红壤不同生态类型土壤侵蚀研究  

Study on the Erosion of Different Ecological Types of Red Soil in Hilly Land

作　　者：黄欠如[1,2] 蔡浔之[1,2] 贺湘逸[1,2] 周慕卿[1,2] 胡建业 

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所 [2]江西省农业厅外资项目办公室

出　　处：《江西农业学报》1998年第3期7-12,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

摘　　要：采用径流小区法研究等高梯地、荒草地、侵蚀地三种类型水土肥流失及其变化特点。结果表明，各季节径流量均为侵蚀地＞荒草地＞等高梯地，而冲刷量则是侵蚀地＞等高梯地＞荒草地；等高梯地全量（有机质、全氮、全磷）、速效养分（氮、磷、钾）流失总量分别比荒草地高５０．１０％和１．０３倍，却较侵蚀地减少３４．５０％和１４．２０％；养分流失具有明显的富集性，其富集总规律为速效磷＞速效钾＞速效氮＞全磷＞全氮＞有机质，且有侵蚀地＞荒草地＞等高梯地的趋势。等高梯地年侵蚀模数为５５０～６５０ｔ／ｋｍ２·ａ，明显低于丘陵红壤区允许侵蚀模数，而不致形成显著的人为加速侵蚀，构建等高梯地是丘陵红壤资源利用持续发展的一条有效措施。In the plot experiment on runoff, the loss of water, soil and fertilizer and the characteristics of contour terrace, grass wasteland and eroded soil were studied. The results showed that their runoff range in the order: eroded soil>grass wasteland>contour terrace, but soil loss in the order: eroded soil >contour terrace>grass wasteland at different seasons; total and available nutrient loss of contour terrace in creased by 50.10% and 103.00% over grass wasteland, but decreased by 34.5% and 14.2% as comparison with eroded soil, respectively; nutrient in the sediment was richer than that in soil , the nutrient enrichment ratio was in the order: available P > available K >available N >total N> O. M, and eroded soil> grass wasteland > contour terrace. So, building contour terrace with the soil erosion modelus of 550～650 T/(km 2·a) , which is much smaller than permitted, without causing notablely man-made erosion acceleration, is a effective measure of the utilization of red soil for sustainable development in hilly region.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀 生态类型 丘陵红壤 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]