施肥对环境质量的影响  

Effects of Fertilizer Application on Environmental Quality

作　　者：邓仕槐[1] 吴晓斌[1] 卢益武[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1998年第3期106-111,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：本文分析了施肥对地面水环境、大气环境、土壤环境产生的不利影响，主要包括：施肥引入的氮、磷可导致地面水体富营养化；农业施肥增加了土壤环境中大气温室气体的排放量而产生温室效应；施肥引入大量污染物造成土壤污染以及不平衡施肥对其它养分元素的耗竭而降低土壤肥力等一系列环境问题。最后，提出了防止污染和保护环境的农业施肥措施。A large number of substance and energy coming out of the agricultural ecological system by fertilizer application can result in some great impacts on the system.In this paper,the unfavourable effects of fertilizer application in agriculture on the environmental quality of the surface water,the air and the soil are analysed.The effects include four aspects:Firstly,fertilizer application results in the nutrient-rich phonomenon of the surface water environment for nitrogen and phosphorus;Secondly,it results in the greenhouse effect of the air environment for increasing the content of methance(CH 4) in air environment and nitrogenous compound (NO x)in the soil environment;Thirdly,it results in the soil pollution for importing poisonous substances,such as heavy metals;Finally,it reduces the soil fertility for causing the imbalance of fertilizers.Some fertilizer application measures which can both prevent pollution and protect environment are put foward.

关 键 词：施肥 环境质量 土壤环境 环境污染 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]